摘要
农业生态补偿作为一种经济政策工具,对调节和平衡农业生态环境各相关主体之间利益关系、保护农业生态环境具有重要作用。农业生态补偿与农业生态赔偿、农业补贴等既有联系又有区别,机制框架包括补偿主体、补偿客体、补偿对象、补偿标准、补偿方式、补偿程序等核心要素。20世纪70年代以来,我国农业生态补偿历经萌芽孕育、起步探索、快速发展和强化管理等阶段演进,政策体系逐渐建立,实践探索逐渐展开,补偿主体逐渐多元,补偿方式逐渐多样,补偿标准逐渐设定,补偿程序逐渐固定。在当前全面推进农业绿色发展、乡村全面振兴和生态文明建设等新的形势背景下,农业生态补偿仍然存在政策法规薄弱、范围内容较窄、补偿主体单一、补偿方式简单、补偿标准不科学等问题,需要全面深入推进、完善法规政策、加大资金投入、培育市场机制、加强宣传培训,以进一步完善补偿机制、发挥补偿作用。
As an economic policy instrument,agricultural ecological compensation plays a pivotal role in regulating and balancing the interests among various stakeholders in agricultural ecological environments and protecting agricultural ecosystems.While interconnected with agricultural ecological indemnity and agricultural subsidies,agricultural ecological compensation maintains distinct characteristics.Its institutional framework encompasses core elements including compensation entities,compensation recipients,compensation objects,compensation standards,compensation methods,and compensation procedures.Since the 1970s,China’s agricultural ecological compensation has evolved through stages of embryonic development,initial exploration,rapid expansion,and enhanced management.This evolution has witnessed the gradual establishment of policy systems,progressive expansion of practical explorations,diversification of compensation entities,variation in compensation methods,standardization of compensation criteria,and institutionalization of compensation procedures.In the context of new developments such as green agricultural development,rural revitalization,and ecological civilization construction,challenges persist in agricultural ecological compensation,including inadequate policy regulations,limited scope and content,singular compensation entities,simplistic compensation methods,and unscientific compensation standards.To address these issues,comprehensive advancement is required through policy refinement,increased financial investment,market mechanism cultivation,and enhanced publicity and training,aiming to optimize the compensation mechanism and maximize its effectiveness.
作者
张铁亮
Zhang Tieliang(Agro-Environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianjin 300191,China)
出处
《当代经济管理》
北大核心
2026年第2期58-69,共12页
Contemporary Economic Management
基金
农业农村部农村政策研究课题“农业生态补偿机制研究”
中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目平台提质增效任务“产地环境健康及危害因子基础性长期性监测”。
关键词
农业生态补偿
内涵
演进
建议
agricultural ecological compensation
connotation
evolution
recommendations
