摘要
目的 了解社区居民健康生活习惯和对健康教育内容和获取方式的需求情况,为开展针对性健康教育提供依据。方法 对上海市闵行区某社区47个片区的470名居民进行问卷调查。采用描述性统计方法调查居民基本情况、健康生活习惯、存在的健康问题等,通过卡方检验比较不同特征调查对象健康教育内容和方式的需求情况。结果 97.6%的调查对象认为健康教育对维护自身健康比较重要;更希望获得的健康教育内容是饮食营养健康(78.0%)、运动健康(56.0%)和中医养生(48.7%),更希望获得健康教育内容的方式是健康知识讲座(50.9%)、健康教育专栏(46.7%)和互联网(39.4%)。不同年龄居民对健康教育内容的需求差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001),不同学历居民对健康教育内容获取方式的需求差异具有统计学意义(P=0.002)。结论 居民对健康教育的重要性具有高度共识,其需求呈现结构化与差异化特点。内容上形成“饮食营养主导,运动与中医补充”的结构,方式上表现为“线下线上并重”的多元格局。年龄与学历作为重要的人口学变量,显著塑造了不同群体的特定需求,揭示了未来健康教育实践需走向精准化与个性化的重要方向。
Objective To investigate community residents’health-related lifestyles and their needs regarding the content and delivery channels of health education,and to provide a basis for targeted health education interventions.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 470 residents from 47 neighborhood blocks in a community of Minhang District,Shanghai.Descriptive statistics were used to summarize participants’demographic characteristics,healthrelated habits,and existing health concerns.The chisquare test was applied to compare differences in health education content and delivery preferences across subgroups with different characteristics.Results A total of 97.6%of respondents considered health education important for maintaining their own health.The most desired health education topics were diet and nutrition(78.0%),physical activity(56.0%),and traditional Chinese medicine wellness(48.7%).Preferred delivery channels included health lectures(50.9%),health education columns(46.7%),and the internet(39.4%).Statistically significant differences in preferred health education content were observed across age groups(P<0.001),and in preferred delivery channels across educational levels(P=0.002).Conclusions Residents show a high consensus on the importance of health education,while their needs present both structured and differentiated patterns.In terms of content,there is a clear structure centered on“diet and nutrition,supplemented by exercise and traditional Chinese medicine.”Regarding delivery,a multichannel pattern of“equal emphasis on offline and online approaches”is observed.Age and educational level,as key demographic variables,significantly shape the specific needs of different subgroups,indicating that future health education practices should move toward greater precision and personalization.
作者
徐佳欣
戴益莉
王天宇
宦红梅
简永志
XU Jiaxin;DAI Yili;WANG Tianyu;HUAN Hongmei;JIAN Yongzhi(Public Health Management Center,Gumei Community Health Service Center,Minhang District,Shanghai 201100,China;Department of Health Promotion,Health Promotion Center of Minhang District,Shanghai 201100,China)
出处
《健康研究》
2025年第6期669-673,共5页
Health Research
基金
闵行区自然科学研究基金项目(2023MHZ052)。
关键词
健康教育
健康教育需求
健康科普
社区居民
health education
health education needs
health science communication
community residents
