摘要
雅鲁藏布江米林宽谷区是西藏高原沙尘活动最为频繁的地区之一,严重威胁着流域的生态和环境安全,而灌木冠层在削减大气颗粒物浓度和缓解沙尘灾害方面发挥着至关重要的作用。通过测定该区风沙期(4月和11月)典型落叶灌木单叶至单株尺度滞尘量及各粒径占比,结合叶面微结构观测分析,系统揭示了灌木形态特征与叶面微结构对植物滞尘量的协同调控机制。研究结果表明:(1)灌木叶片主要吸附的是粒径小于2.5μm的细颗粒物,其平均占总滞尘量的79.80%。(2)不同树种在不同季节的滞尘能力存在显著差异,11月各树种滞尘量均高于4月的对应值。(3)单株叶片总数、叶面积指数与单位叶面积滞尘量呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与单叶滞尘量呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);气孔开度对单叶滞尘量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。(4)粗刺锦鸡儿和波密小檗的综合滞尘能力最强,可作为优先考虑的雅江米林宽谷区滞尘树种。上述研究结果以期为雅江宽谷区生态环境的改善提供理论依据和实践指导。
The Milin Wide Valley area of the Yarlung Zangbo River is one of the regions with the most frequent dust storm activity on the Tibetan Plateau,posing a significant threat to the ecological and environmental security of the basin.The Shrub canopies play a crucial role in reducing atmospheric particulate concentrations and mitigating dust storm disasters.This study systematically revealed the synergistic regulatory mechanism of shrub morphological characteristics and leaf surface microstructure on dust retention,by measuring the dust deposition from single leaf to single plant during the sandstorm periods(April and November)and analyzing the particle size distribution,in conjunction with leaf surface microstructure observations.The results are as follows:(1)The fine particles with diameters less than 2.5μm were mainly adsorbed by shrub leaves,which accounted for 79.80%of the total dust retention.(2)There were also large differences in the dust⁃retention capacity of different tree species,with all species holding more dust in November than their April counterparts.(3)The total leaf number per plant and LAI were significantly negatively correlated with the dust retention per unit leaf area(P<0.05)and highly significantly negatively correlated with dust retention per leaf(P<0.01);stomatal aperture was highly significantly positively correlated with dust retention per leaf(P<0.01).(4)The comprehensive dust retention ability of Caragana crassispina and Berberis gyalaica was the strongest,which can be prioritized as dust⁃retention tree species in the Yarlung Zangbo River wide valley region.The results of this study are expected to provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the improvement of the ecological environment in the Yarlung Zangbo River wide valley area.
作者
王秋月
周梦瑶
丁国栋
WANG Qiuyue;ZHOU Mengyao;DING Guodong(College of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《生态学报》
北大核心
2025年第24期12337-12346,共10页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司项目(PA2230)。
关键词
雅鲁藏布江
落叶灌木
叶面滞尘
形态特征
叶面微结构
Yarlung Zangbo River
deciduous shrub
dust⁃retention capacity
morphological characteristics
leaf surface microstructure
