摘要
全形球体加工因为无固定装夹,且要保证较高加工精度,在普通机床上加工难以实现。如何针对材质脆性大、精度等级要求更高的精密玻璃球体加工,是当前制造业面临的一个难题。传统的手工加工方法劳动强度大,工作环境差,生产效率低。基于手工加工原理,利用筒型磨具的端面与球体表面的线接触实现球面成型。通过对工件与磨具研磨时的相对速度分析可知,采用双向两轴带动球体交替旋转研磨,可以得到相对均匀磨损。通过对受力情况进行分析得出,球体相对于磨具斜面产生滑动,是保证球体正常研磨的必要条件。通过正交试验优化工艺参数,研磨的球体球度值可控制在1μm之内。采用W10砂研磨的光学球体表面,经过2 min时间抛光,其粗糙度可达到R_(a)0.01μm,可作为批量生产的首选条件。
The machining of a full-shaped sphere is difficult to achieve on an ordinary machine tool because there is no fixed clamping and higher machining accuracy is to be ensured.How to machine precision glass spheres with high brittleness and precision requirements is a challenging problem in the current manufacturing industry.Traditional manual machining methods have disadvantages such as high labor intensity,poor working environment,and low production efficiency.Based on the principle of manual machining,the forming of a spherical surface is achieved by using the linear contact between the end face of the cylindrical grinding tool and the surface of the sphere.Through the analysis of the relative speed during the grinding of the workpiece and the grinding tool,using two-way two-axis to drive the sphere to rotate alternately for grinding,a relatively uniform wear can be obtained.According to the force analysis,it is concluded that the sliding of the sphere relative to the inclined plane of the grinding tool is a necessary condition for normal sphere grinding.After optimizing the process parameters through orthogonal experiments,the sphericity of the ground sphere can be controlled within 1μm.The surface of the optical sphere ground by W10 sand can reach R_(a) 0.01μm after 2 minutes of polishing,which can be used as the preferred condition for mass production.
作者
卢宏炎
LU Hongyan(Henan Polytechnic Institute,Nanyang,China)
出处
《光电技术应用》
2025年第6期60-68,共9页
Electro-Optic Technology Application
关键词
光学玻璃
全形球体
成型原理
研磨
optical glass
full spherical shape
forming principle
grin
