摘要
针对松软低透煤层造穴施工效率低、钻具稳定性差等问题,提出了一种水力自增压式造穴增透技术并研制了配套钻具系统。基于活塞差动增压原理,通过多级多腔模块化设计和换向阀协同控制技术,无需依赖外部高压泵可将煤矿井下低压水(2~5 MPa)自主转换为高压水(20~50 MPa);开发了双通道水力输送钻具及高压水力冲孔器,并进行了现场试验研究。结果表明:孔底自增压装置实现了低压水向高压水的自主转换,增压比达到了1∶10,无需依赖高压泵即可实现高压水力冲孔作业;双通道钻具组合实现了增压后的高压水和井下静压水的独立输送和冲孔作业,在坚固性系数0.15的松软煤层中,单孔平均每米出煤量达到1.5 t,孔径扩大了5.5倍。
To address the issues of low efficiency and poor drilling tool stability in cavity construction in soft and low-permeability coal seams,a self-pressurized hydraulic cavitation technology for enhanced permeability was proposed,and a corresponding drilling tool system was developed.Based on the piston differential pressure boosting principle,through multi-stage multi-cavity modular design and directional valve cooperative control technology,the system autonomously converts low-pressure water(2~5 MPa)from underground coal mines into high-pressure water(20~50 MPa)without relying on external high-pressure pumps.A dual-channel hydraulic delivery drilling tool and a high-pressure hydraulic hole flushing device were developed and tested in field trials.The results show that the bottom self-pressurization device successfully achieved autonomous conversion of low-pressure water to high-pressure water,with a pressure boost ratio of 1∶10,enabling high-pressure hydraulic hole flushing without high-pressure pumps.The dual-channel drilling tool combination realized independent delivery of high-pressure water and underground static pressure water,as well as hole flushing operations.In soft coal seams with a firmness coefficient of 0.15,the average coal output per meter in single borehole reached 1.5 t,and the borehole diameter was expanded by 5.5 times.
作者
田宏杰
TIAN Hongjie(Chinese Institute of Coal Science,Beijing 100013,China;CCTEG Xi’an Research Institute(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710077,China)
出处
《煤炭工程》
北大核心
2025年第11期226-231,共6页
Coal Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52474192)。
关键词
松软煤层
水力造穴
自增压
双通道
钻具
soft coal seam
hydraulic cavitation
self-pressurization
dual-channel
drilling tool
