摘要
为了研究激光切割过程中不同切割参数对切割效果的影响,基于ABAQUS软件搭建了热力耦合分析模型,对304不锈钢的激光高斯热源切割过程开展仿真分析。采用单因素实验法,分别探究了切割速度、激光功率和板材厚度等工艺参数对激光切割过程中的温度场和切割效果的影响;基于不同参数下的温度变化,进一步探究了激光切割峰值温度和切缝宽度的变化规律,并进行了实验验证。实验与仿真结果相对照,对照结果验证了模型的可靠性,结果表明:切割过程中材料表面温度分布主要呈彗星状,垂直方向上的温度分布与表面温度分布基本一致;切割区域表面温度随着切割速度增大而减小,随着激光功率增加而升高;板材过厚时,切割温度不易达到材料熔点,难以切透板材,使得切缝宽度较窄,板材较薄则会由于热量过多使切缝宽度变大。
In order to investigate the impact of different cutting parameters on the cutting effect during laser cutting processes,this study developed a thermal-mechanical coupling analysis model using ABAQUS software to simulate the laser Gaussian heat source cutting process of 304 stainless steel.Employing a single-factor experimental approach,we examined the effects of process parameters such as cutting speed,laser power,and plate thickness on the temperature field and cutting quality during laser cutting.Furthermore,based on variations in temperature under different parameters,we further explored the changing patterns of peak temperatures and kerf widths in laser cutting and conducted experimental validation.By comparing experimental and simulation results,we verified the reliability of our model.Our findings indicate that surface temperature distribution during the cutting process primarily exhibits a comet-like shape,with vertical temperature distribution being largely consistent with surface temperature distribution.Additionally,we observed that surface temperatures in the cut region decrease with increasing cutting speed but rise with higher laser power.Moreover,when dealing with excessively thick plates,achieving material melting point temperatures for effective penetration becomes challenging resulting in narrower kerf widths;conversely thinner plates lead to wider kerf widths due to excessive heat input.
作者
王勇
李鑫
张深
张浩然
WANG Yong;LI Xin;ZHANG Shen;ZHANG Haoran(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China)
出处
《激光杂志》
北大核心
2025年第12期200-207,共8页
Laser Journal
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.52375051)。
关键词
激光切割
温度场
高斯热源
工艺参数
laser cutting
temperature field
Gauss heat source
process parameters
