摘要
【研究目的】为研究吉林省梨树县黑土区土壤-作物重金属元素迁聚规律、富集特征,评价土壤重金属健康风险。【研究方法】系统采集了30件成熟水稻籽实、30件玉米及对应根系土壤样品60件,测试Cu、Zn、Cr、Cd、Pb、As、Hg等重金属元素含量及土壤有机质、pH值,利用地累积指数(Igeo)、生物富集系数(BCF)、相关性分析、健康风险模型等方法,研究了梨树县土壤与农作物中重金属元素富集特征及影响因素,并对土壤重金属进行健康风险评价。【研究结果】梨树县土壤为酸性—中性,有机质较丰富,但Cd、Hg和Cr均值略高于土壤背景值,7种重金属元素均小于风险筛选值,农作物中重金属含量最高为Zn,最低为Cd和Hg,其他元素在水稻和玉米中含量略有差异。水稻和玉米籽实对Zn和Cu吸收富集作用较强,但对Cd、Cr、Hg、As、Pb富集能力较弱。相关分析表明,水稻籽实中Cu与根系土壤中Cu、Zn、Cd表现出显著正相关关系,籽实中Zn与土壤中Zn、As和Cd呈正相关关系,籽实中Pb和土壤Cd呈正相关关系;玉米中Zn与根系土壤中Cu、Zn、Pb表现为显著正相关关系。土壤中As和Cr元素既是非致癌风险的主要贡献元素,又是致癌风险的主要贡献元素,经口摄入是产生健康风险的主要暴露途径。【结论】研究区农作物生态风险安全可控,土壤酸碱度与有机质是影响农作物重金属元素含量的重要因素,土壤重金属元素对人体不存在非致癌风险,致癌风险在人体可以接受的范围内,整体土壤重金属安全可控。
[Objective]This study aims to investigate the migration and accumulation characteristics of heavy metals in soil−crop systems and their enrichment patterns in the black soil region of Lishu County,Jilin Province,as well as to assess the health risks posed by soil heavy metals.[Methods]A total of 30 mature rice grain samples,30 corn grain samples,and 60 corresponding root−zone soil samples were systematically collected.Concentrations of heavy metals(Cu,Zn,Cr,Cd,Pb,As,Hg)as well as soil organic matter(SOM)content and pH value were measured.The enrichment characteristics and influencing factors of heavy metals in soils and crops,along with soil heavy metal health risks,were analyzed using the index of geoaccumulation(Igeo),bioconcentration factor(BCF),correlation analysis,and health risk assessment models.[Results]Soils in Lishu County are acidic to neutral with relatively high SOM content.The average concentrations of Cd,Hg,and Cr slightly exceeded the local soil background values,while all seven heavy metals were below the risk screening values.Among crops,Zn had the highest concentration,and Cd and Hg had the lowest,with minor differences in other heavy metal concentrations between rice and corn.Both rice and corn grains showed strong absorption and enrichment capacities for Zn and Cu,but weak capacities for Cd,Cr,Hg,As,and Pb.Correlation analysis revealed that Cu in rice grains was significantly positively correlated with Cu,Zn,and Cd in root−zone soils;Zn in rice grains was positively correlated with Zn,As,and Cd in soils;and Pb in rice grains was positively correlated with Cd in soils.For corn,Zn in grains was significantly positively correlated with Cu,Zn,and Pb in root−zone soils.As and Cr were the main contributors to non−carcinogenic risks,while Cr and As dominated carcinogenic risks.Oral ingestion was identified as the primary exposure pathway for health risks.[Conclusions]The ecological risks of crops in the study area are safe and controllable.Soil pH and SOM are key factors influencing heavy metal concentrations in crops.Soil heavy metals do not pose non−carcinogenic risks to humans,and the carcinogenic risks are within an acceptable range.Overall,soil heavy metal pollution in the region is safe and controllable.
作者
高远
秦天
侯红星
裴阳
申涛
杨征
周业泽
关雨男
GAO Yuan;QIN Tian;HOU Hongxing;PEI Yang;SHEN Tao;YANG Zheng;ZHOU Yeze;GUAN Yunan(Langfang Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center,CGS,Langfang 065000,Hebei,China;Shandong Provincial Lunan Geology and Exploration Institute,Jining 272100,Shandong,China)
出处
《地质通报》
北大核心
2025年第12期2291-2307,共17页
Geological Bulletin of China
基金
中国地质调查局项目《辽河平原梨树地区黑土地地表基质层调查》(编号:DD20211590)
《山西五台-繁峙金多金属矿产调查评价》(编号:DD20242942)。
关键词
重金属元素
农作物
土壤
影响因素
健康风险评价
吉林
heavy metal elements
crops
soil
bio-concentration factor
health risk assessment
Jilin Province
