摘要
Many bird species in montane regions display altitudinal migration,but so far,the underlying ecological driving mechanisms are not clear.We studied the altitudinal migration behavior patterns and factors influencing altitudinal migration in the Xiling Snow Mountains,which are part of the Hengduan mountain range in southwest China.We recorded the local bird diversity,the seasonal change of:the average temperature(AT),the average humidity(AH),the average invertebrate biomass(AIB),and the amount of plant food sources(PFS)at two study sites(∼1300 and∼2100 m a.s.l.)during two migration seasons from September 2022 to May 2023.During our surveys,we recorded 96 bird species in total.Among these,15 altitudinal migrants were identified.The most common family among altitudinal migrants was Leiothrichidae.AT,AIB,and PFS had a significant positive correlation with the monthly number of individuals(MNI)several bird species,implying that increasing temperatures and an increasing abundance of invertebrates and PFS possibly induced upward migration of altitudinal migrants and vice versa.AH possibly only played a minor role in influencing altitudinal migration,since it exhibited no significant correlation with the MNI.Furthermore,we found that the upward migration temperature range of altitudinal migrants ranged between 9.8°C and 13.9°C during spring and the downward migration temperature range ranged between 12.2°C and 7.9°C during autumn.In conclusion,our study and several other studies revealed that the same environmental factors influenced the altitudinal migration patterns of birds in the Hengduan Mountains.
基金
financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32270454)
the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(No.2019QZKK0501)
the Survey of Wildlife Resources in Key Areas of Tibet(ZL202203601)
the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
The funding sources had no influence on the study
All animal research procedures strictly complied with the P.R.China Legislation on the Use and Care of Laboratory Animals and were approved by the Animal Care Review Committee,College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,China(Nos.SCU2203019 and SCU230303013).
