摘要
草地土壤微生物是草地生态系统中不可或缺的重要组成部分,在维持生态系统功能的过程中发挥着重要作用。草地土壤微生物的种类丰富多样,包括细菌、真菌、放线菌和病毒等,共同构成了复杂而精细的微生物群落,他们之间相互联系,相互制约。草地土壤微生物参与植物的生长发育、土壤养分循环、土壤结构改善等,影响着生态系统的物质转化和能量流动。土壤微生物通过行使固氮、硝化、反硝化、溶磷和纤维素降解等功能促进草地生态系统的健康运行,有助于草地生态系统的绿色可持续发展。近年来,科技工作者对草地土壤微生物的认识不断深入,但关于土壤养分循环相关的微生物群落结构和功能的研究还很缺乏。因此,本文系统梳理了近年来国内外关于草地土壤碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)、硫(S)等元素循环与土壤微生物群落结构及功能之间的关系,揭示微生物驱动土壤碳、氮、磷、硫循环机制,以期为草地土壤微生物群落结构和功能的深入研究以及草地养分的科学管理提供参考。
Grassland soil microorganisms are an indispensable and crucial component of grassland ecosystems,playing a vital role in maintaining ecosystem functions.These microorganisms are richly diverse,including bacteria,fungi,actinomycetes,and viruses,which together form a complex and intricate microbial community.They are interconnected and influence each other,contributing to various aspects such as plant growth and development,soil nutrient cycling,and soil structure improvement,thereby affecting the material transformation and energy flow within the ecosystem.Soil microorganisms enhance the health of grassland ecosystems by performing functions such as nitrogen fixation,nitrification,denitrification,phosphorus solubilization,and cellulose degradation,which contribute to the green and sustainable development of grassland ecosystems.In recent years,scientists and technologists have deepened their understanding of grassland soil microorganisms,but studies on the structure and function of microbial communities related to soil nutrient cycling remain inadequate.Therefore,this review systematically examines the relationship between the cycling of carbon(C),nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and sulfur(S)and the structure and function of soil microbial communities in grassland soils,both domestically and internationally.It aims to reveal the mechanisms driving microbially-mediated soil C,N,P,and S cycling,providing a theoretical basis for further investigation into the structure and function of soil microbial communities in grassland soils,as well as offering scientific and technological support for the effective management of grassland nutrients.
作者
郑蓉
刘荣贵
黄容
王超
侯文鹏
唐仲龙
王剑峰
ZHENG Rong;LIU Rong-gui;HUANG Rong;WANG Chao;HOU Wen-peng;TANG Zhong-long;WANG Jian-feng(State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems/College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University/Center for Grassland Microbiome,Lanzhou 730020;Shanxi Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Taiyuan,030021;Linxia Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Linxia,731100)
出处
《微生物学杂志》
北大核心
2025年第6期96-108,共13页
Journal of Microbiology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32371772)。
关键词
草地土壤微生物
草地生态系统
养分转化
微生物功能
草地健康
grassland soil microorganisms
grassland ecosystems
nutrient transformation
microbial function
grassland health
