摘要
针对上层大气层长期飞行的需求,采用直接模拟Monte Carlo方法分析上层大气层飞行器的进气道性能和气动阻力,探索气固相互作用(gas-surface interaction, GSI)中法向和切向适应情况对进气道性能和气动阻力的影响规律和作用机理,并从推力和阻力平衡的角度评估上层大气层长期飞行的可行性。结果表明:相对于GSI完全适应的情形,法向和切向的不完全适应都能提高压缩比,法向不完全适应时高压区向上游移动,切向不完全适应时高压区向下游移动。飞行器的阻力主要来自进气道内流和太阳能电池翼外流,相对于完全适应的情形,法向不完全适应导致阻力增加,切向不完全适应能实现减阻。在合理假设条件下,当推功比达到18~20 mN/kW、电离效率达到40%~50%、GSI切向不完全适应时,所考虑的上层大气层飞行器具备长期飞行的能力。
In order to achieve long-duration flight in the upper atmosphere,inlet performance and aerodynamic drag were analyzed by employing the direct simulation Monte Carlo method.Effects of incomplete accommodation in the normal and tangential directions for the gas-surface interaction(GSI)were explored,and the feasibility of longduration flight was evaluated from the perspective of thrust-drag balance.Results show that,in comparison with the complete-accommodation case,incomplete accommodation in the normal or tangential direction can raise the compression ratio,and incomplete accommodation in the normal direction makes the high-pressure region move upstream while incomplete accommodation in the tangential direction causes the high-pressure region to move downstream.Internal flows inside the inlet and external flows past the solar panel are mainly responsible for the aerodynamic drag of the spacecraft.Incomplete accommodation in the normal direction increases the drag while incomplete accommodation in the tangential direction can reduce the drag.Under some reasonable assumptions,the spacecraft considered can achieve long-duration flight in the upper atmosphere with incomplete accommodation in the tangential direction,provided that the thrust-to-power ratio reaches 18~20 mN/kW and the ionization efficiency attains 40%~50%.
作者
靳旭红
刘文君
艾邦成
沈清
JIN Xuhong;LIU Wenjun;AI Bangcheng;SHEN Qing(China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics,Beijing 100074,China)
出处
《气体物理》
2025年第6期46-53,共8页
Physics of Gases
基金
国家自然科学基金(12572383)
省部级稳定支持项目(80000900019910072348)。
关键词
上层大气层
稀薄气体流动
适应系数
气动阻力
进气道
upper atmosphere
rarefied gas flows
accommodation coefficient
aerodynamic drag
inlet
