摘要
面对日益发展的环保形势,尽管我国刑事立法开始关注生态环境损害救济的需求,并且初步规定了生态环境刑事责任条款,但是立法层面仍然存在诸多问题有待解决,包括立法体例不集中、罪名设置不完善、行刑衔接不畅通等方面。生态环境刑事责任需要进一步优化立法。结合生态环境法典编纂的背景,应当通过逐步探索生态环境刑事责任法典化的路径实现责任体系化,并且充分回应实践中“恢复性司法”的需求。立法体例上应当采用附属刑法模式,集中规定生态环境刑事责任。条款设计上,基本理念应当是遵循“行政犯”的立法思路、秉持积极的刑事立法观念、探索“超越惩罚”的刑事责任体系构建模式,具体内容上应当增加生态保护类刑事责任条款,补充、完善《刑法》环境犯罪条款的罪状规定,并且与民事责任、行政责任一同确定生态环境修复责任的体系化塑造。
In the face of the on-going eco-environmental protection,although China’s criminal legislation has begun to pay attention to the needs of eco-environmental damage relief,and established the preliminary provisions of eco-environmental criminal liability,there are still many problems to be solved at the legislative level,including the lack of centralized legislation,the imperfect setting of offences,and the lack of a smooth connection between the execution of punishment and other aspects.Eco-environmental criminal liability needs to further optimize the legislation.Taking into the background of the environmental code,it is necessary to gradually explore the approaches to the codification of eco-environmental criminal liability to achieve its liability system,and fully respond to the practical needs of“restorative justice”.The legislative framework should adopt the model of the subsidiary criminal law,focusing on eco-environmental criminal liability.In terms of the design of the relevant articles,the basic concept should follow the legislative idea of“administrative offence”,uphold the positive concept of criminal legislation,and explore the construction model of the criminal liability system of“beyond punishment”.In terms of the specific content,it is necessary to have more criminal liability provisions concerning the ecological protection,to supplement and improve the criminal provisions of the Criminal Law concerning the ecological protection,and together with the civil liability and administrative liability to confirm the systematic construction of the eco-environmental restoration responsibility.
作者
陈立毅
CHEN Li-yi(East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 201620,China)
出处
《云南大学学报(社会科学版)》
2025年第6期111-126,共16页
The Journal of Yunnan University:Social Sciences Edition
关键词
生态环境法典
生态环境刑事责任
环境犯罪
恢复性司法
行刑衔接
eco-environmental code
eco-environmental criminal liability
environmental offences
restorative justice
linkage between execution and punishment
