摘要
推进并完善就业优先政策,实现高质量充分就业,已成为我国在新发展阶段面临的核心战略课题。本文系统梳理了发达国家从传统工业时期到数字经济时代就业政策的演进与转型。研究发现,国际就业政策呈现出五大核心转型趋势:公共就业服务从“项目分割”走向“平台整合”;技能培养从“供给导向”转向“需求核心”,并与产业政策深度绑定;新就业形态治理从“监管模糊”走向“平衡探索”;个体支持从“被动安置”转向“主动赋能”;发展目标从“效率优先”转向“兼顾公平”。在上述基础上,本文立足我国国情,从夯实宏观基础、健全制度保障、重构服务体系、聚焦重点群体等八个方面,为我国“十五五”时期进一步完善就业优先政策体系,构建就业友好型发展方式,提供了系统性的对策建议。
Advancing and refining work-first policies to achieve high-quality and full employment has become a core strategic issue for China in its new development stage.This paper systematically reviews the evolution and transformation of employment policies in developed countries from the traditional industrial era to the digital economy era.The analysis identifies five core trends during the international employment policy trandformation:first,a shift in public employment services from project fragmentation to platform integration;second,a reorientation of skills development from a supply-driven to a demand-centric model closely integrated with sector policies;third,a move in the governance of new employment forms from regulatory ambiguity toward balanced exploration;fourth,a transition in individual support from passive placement to active empowerment;and fifth,a pivot in development objectives from efficiency first to balancing fairness.Building on these findings and considering China's context,this paper offers systematic policy recommendations across eight areas,such as strengthening macroeconomic fundamentals and focusing on key population groups,to enhance the nation's work-first policy framework and foster an employment-friendly development model during the 15th Five-Year Plan period.
作者
李长安
韩威鹏
LI Chang-an;HAN Wei-peng(University of International Business and Economics,Beijing,100029)
出处
《中国劳动》
2025年第5期5-14,共10页
China Labor
基金
人力资源和社会保障部2024年度重大课题“国内外推进就业优先政策研究”部分成果。
关键词
就业优先政策
就业政策转型
高质量充分就业
work-first policy
employment policy transformation
high-quality and full employment
