摘要
【目的】探究γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)对肉鸡生长性能、肉品质、抗氧化能力以及盲肠菌群结构的影响。【方法】选取408只体重相近的1日龄罗斯308肉鸡,随机分为2组(每组6个重复,每个重复34只鸡):对照组(CON组)饲喂基础饲粮,GABA组饲喂在基础饲粮中添加GABA(50 mg/kg)的试验饲粮。试验期共42 d。【结果】饲粮添加GABA显著提高了肉鸡胸肌粗脂肪含量、肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性以及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)(P<0.05),显著降低了胸肌剪切力和血清丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05)。微生物分析表明,GABA组肉鸡盲肠微生物群落组成与CON组存在显著差异(P<0.05),其中另枝菌属和布劳特氏菌属的相对丰度较CON组显著提高(P<0.05),文肯菌属和副拟杆菌属的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05),且另枝菌属和布劳特氏菌属的相对丰度与肉鸡胸肌粗脂肪含量、肝脏SOD、GSH-Px活性以及T-AOC呈正相关(P<0.05),与胸肌剪切力、血清MDA含量呈负相关(P<0.05),文肯菌属相对丰度与肉鸡肝脏GSH-Px活性和T-AOC呈负相关(P<0.05)。此外,PICRUSt2功能预测结果显示,GABA组肉鸡盲肠菌群在戊糖与葡萄糖醛酸互变、鞘脂代谢、硝基甲苯降解、类固醇激素生物合成和N-聚糖生物合成方面的功能较CON组显著提高(P<0.05),在阿米巴病方面的功能较CON组显著降低(P<0.05)。【结论】在饲粮中添加50 mg/kg的GABA具有促进42日龄肉鸡胸肌脂肪沉积、提高胸肌嫩度、增强抗氧化能力、改变盲肠菌群结构的作用。
【Objective】To explore the effects ofγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)on growth performance,meat quality,antioxidant capacity and cecal microbial structure of broilers.【Method】A total of 408 one-day-old Ross 308 broilers with similar body weights were randomly divided into 2 groups(6 replicates per group and 34 chickens per replicate):the control group(CON group)was fed with the basal diet,while the GABA group was fed with the experimental diet supplemented with GABA(50 mg/kg)based on the basal diet.The trial lasted for 42 d.【Result】Dietary supplementation with GABA significantly increased the ether extract content in the breast muscle,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),as well as the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in the livers of broilers(P<0.05),while significantly decreased the shear force in breast muscle and the malondialdehyde(MDA)content in serum(P<0.05).Microbial analysis indicated that the cecal microbiota composition of broilers in the GABA group was significantly different from that in the CON group(P<0.05).Compared with the CON group,the relative abundances of Alistipes and Blautia significantly increased(P<0.05),while the relative abundances of Rikenella and Parabacteroides significantly decreased in the GABA group(P<0.05).Moreover,the relative abundances of Alistipes and Blautia were positively correlated with the ether extract content in breast muscle,the activities of SOD and GSH-Px,as well as the T-AOC in the liver(P<0.05),while negatively correlated with the shear force in breast muscle and the MDA content in serum of broilers(P<0.05).The relative abundance of Rikenella was negatively correlated with the activities of GSH-Px and T-AOC in the liver of broilers(P<0.05).Additionally,the PICRUSt2 functional predicting results showed that the cecal microbiota of broilers in the GABA group significantly enhanced functions in pentose and glucuronate interconversions,sphingolipid metabolism,nitrotoluene degradation,steroid hormone biosynthesis,and N-glycan biosynthesis(P<0.05),and significantly reduced functions in amoebiasis disease compared with the CON group(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Adding 50 mg/kg of GABA to the diet may promote the fat deposition in breast muscle,improve the tenderness of breast muscle,enhance the antioxidant capacity,and change the structure of cecal microbiota of broiler at 42 d of age.
作者
马顺
赵旭
刘雪
陈广坤
高悦
丁瑾
张竞伊
赵怡萌
公丽玉
李洪涛
MA Shun;ZHAO Xu;LIU Xue;CHEN Guang-kun;GAO Yue;DING Jin;ZHANG Jing-yi;ZHAO Yi-meng;GONG Li-yu;LI Hong-tao(College of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Linyi University,Linyi 276000;Linyi Backbone Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Linyi 276000)
出处
《生物技术通报》
北大核心
2025年第12期351-359,共9页
Biotechnology Bulletin
关键词
Γ-氨基丁酸
肉鸡
生长性能
肉品质
抗氧化能力
盲肠菌群结构
γ-aminobutyric acid
broiler
growth performance
meat quality
antioxidant capacity
cecal microbial structure
