摘要
海上浮式风力机是由叶片、机舱、塔筒、半潜式平台和系泊组成的复杂多柔-刚性多体动力学结构体系,其在台风-海浪极端环境下的结构安全性是保障海上风电持续发展的关键前提。本文以IEA 15 MW海上浮式风力机为研究对象,提出了WSF-F2A风力机风振中/小尺度降阶分析方法,揭示了台风-海浪作用下结构体系气动-水动双重非线性响应特性;进一步提出了基于等效梁截面的风力机叶片气弹模型设计方法和基于压电分流阻尼的结构自适应减振控制方法,建立了压电分流阻尼频带优化理论模型。研究表明:WSF-F2A方法能准确求解台风-海浪作用下浮式风力机气动-水动响应;风力机叶片和塔筒振动分别以挥舞和顺风向振动为主,其位移幅值随风速增大呈先减小后增大趋势,且叶片振动能量向高频转移,半潜式平台响应以纵荡为主,主系泊最大张力约为侧系泊的3倍;基于压电分流阻尼的最优频带区间为(0.55,0.65)Hz和(3.80,4.00)Hz,能有效使叶片振动能量峭度降低15%、位移峰值降低20%,促进模态间能量传递并抑制颤振发展。
The offshore floating wind turbine is a complex multi-body dynamic system consisting of blades,nacelle,tower,semi submersible platform and mooring.Its structural safety in an extreme typhoon-wave environment is a key prerequisite for ensuring the sustainable development of offshore wind power.This study takes the 15 MW offshore floating wind turbine as the research object,proposes a medium/small-scale wind-induced vibration analysis method WSF-F2A,reveals the aerodynamic and hydrodynamic dual nonlinear vibration response characteristics under typhoon-wave coupling effect,proposes the design method of wind turbine blade aeroelastic model based on equivalent beam section and the structural adaptive vibration reduction control method based on piezoelectric shunt damping,and establishes the theoretical model of piezoelectric shunt damping frequency band optimization.Research has shown that the WSF-F2A method can accurately solve the aerodynamic-hydrodynamic response of floating wind turbines under typhoon-wave coupling effect.The vibration of wind turbine blades and tower are mainly flapping and downwind vibration respectively.The displacement amplitude decreases and then increases with the increase of wind speed,and the energy of blade vibration is transferred to high frequencies.The response of semi submersible platforms is mainly longitudinal oscillation,and the maximum tension of main mooring is about three times that of the side mooring.The optimal frequency band range based on piezoelectric shunt damping is(0.55,0.65)and(3.80,4.00)Hz,which can effectively reduce the blade vibration energy kurtosis by 15%and displacement peak by 20%,promoting energy transfer between modes and suppressing flutter development.
作者
张春伟
柯世堂
吴鸿鑫
毛竞竹
李雨萌
朱松晔
ZHANG Chunwei;KE Shitang;WU Hongxin;MAO Jingzhu;LI Yumeng;ZHU Songye(Department of Civil and Airport Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Dynamic Multi Disaster Protection in Jiangsu Universities,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong 999077,China)
出处
《振动工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第12期2954-2966,共13页
Journal of Vibration Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFF0505400)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52321165649)
江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX22_0374)。
关键词
台风-海浪耦合
15
MW海上浮式风力机
降阶分析
风振响应
压电减振
typhoon-wave coupling
15 MW offshore floating wind turbine
reduced order analysis
wind-induced vibration
piezoelectric vibration reduction
