摘要
针对大蒜定向排种器工作过程中蒜种调向问题,在分析蒜种调向电机运行各阶段运动特点的基础上,确定蒜种调向电机运行速度曲线由空载启动加速段、负载加速段、匀速段以及减速段四部分组成。设计一种以STM32单片机为控制单元,以步进电机为动力输出单元的蒜种调向控制系统,采用梯形加减速原理控制电机,以电机与蒜种之间的相对转角σ为指标,进行调向电机运行速度曲线各参数的优化试验,得到排种盘转速在5~8.5 r/min、吸孔负压在9~11 kPa范围内的电机运行速度曲线最佳参数组合:空载启动加速段角加速度为715 rad/s^(2)、负载加速段角加速度为475 rad/s^(2)、匀速段角速度为47 rad/s、减速段角加速度为1315 rad/s^(2),此时相对转角σ为9.6°,满足蒜种调向精度要求。
Addressing the issue of garlic seed re-orientation during the operation of a directional garlic seeding device,based on analyzing the motion characteristics of each stage of the garlic seed orientation motors operation,it is determined that the motors speed curve is composed of four parts:a no-load startup acceleration segment,a load acceleration segment,a constant speed segment,and a deceleration segment.A garlic seed orientation control system was designed with an STM32 single-chip microcomputer as the control unit and stepper motor as the power output unit.The trapezoidal acceleration and deceleration principle was used to control the motor.With the relative rotation angleσbetween the motor and the garlic seed as the indicator,optimization experiments were conducted on the parameters of the motors speed curve for orientation.The optimal parameter combination for the motor speed curve,within the range of a seed metering disk rotation speed of 5 to 8.5 r/min and a suction hole negative pressure of 9 to 11 kPa,is as follows:an angular acceleration 715rad/s^(2) for the no-load startup acceleration segment,an angular acceleration of 475rad/s^(2) for the load acceleration segment,an angular velocity of 47rad/s for the constant speed segment and an angular acceleration of 1315rad/s^(2) for the deceleration segment.At this point,the relative rotation angleσis 9.6°,which meets the garlic seed orientation accuracy requirements.
作者
王卓
张永政
周龙
宋井玲
Wang Zhuo;Zhang Yongzheng;Zhou Long;Song Jingling(College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo,255000,China)
出处
《中国农机化学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期246-251,共6页
Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization
基金
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2022ME103)
山东省重点研发计划(科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程)项目(2024TSGC0624)。
关键词
大蒜定向排种器
蒜种调向
单片机
调向电机
参数优化
garlic directional seed feeder
garlic seed to tune
microcontroller
redirecting motor
parameter optimization
