摘要
针对现有蔬菜移栽作业适应性与效率低,固定行距移栽机无法满足多种蔬菜农艺要求的问题,研究设计了一种行间距可调的蔬菜移栽机。基于移栽农艺要求确定了整机的关键结构与技术参数;运用三维建模软件完成了移栽机的虚拟样机设计,其核心调距机构采用左右旋丝杆结构,可实现移栽行距在特定范围内调节。在此基础上,利用仿真软件对移栽机关键工作部件进行运动学及动力学仿真分析,验证了机构设计的合理性与可靠性,仿真结果表明移栽机构调距过程运行平稳无干涉。通过试制样机并进行田间试验,以栽植深度合格率及立苗合格率为评价指标。试验结果表明,该移栽机在不同设定行距下作业性能稳定,各项指标均符合蔬菜移栽的农艺要求,验证了仿真设计的正确性与机具的实用性。研究可为智能化、多功能移栽装备的研发提供理论参考与技术依据。
To address the low adaptability and efficiency of existing vegetable transplanting operations,where fixed-row-spacing transplanters fail to meet the agronomic requirements of diverse vegetable crops,this study designed a vegetable transplanter with adjustable row spacing.Key structural components and technical parameters were determined based on transplanting agronomic needs.Virtual prototype design was completed using 3D modeling software,featuring a core spacing adjustment mechanism employing left-right threaded screws to enable row spacing adjustment within a specific range.Building upon this foundation,simulation software was employed to conduct kinematic and dynamic simulations of the machine's critical working components,validating the rationality and reliability of the mechanism design.Simulation results confirmed smooth operation without interference during the row spacing adjustment process.A prototype was manufactured and field tested,with planting depth compliance rate and seedling establishment rate serving as evaluation metrics.Test results demonstrate stable operational performance across various row spacing settings,with all metrics meeting agronomic requirements for vegetable transplanting.This validates the accuracy of the simulation design and the practicality of the equipment.The research provides theoretical reference and technical basis for developing intelligent,multi-functional transplanting equipment.
作者
沈德战
张园
赵振华
韦丽娇
张静
SHEN Dezhan;ZHANG Yuan;ZHAO Zhenhua;WEI Lijiao;ZHANG Jing(Agricultual Machinery Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Zhanjiang 524091,China;Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Precision Emission Control for Agricultural Particulates,Zhanjiang 524000,China;Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Dynamics and Precision Emission Control for Particulates,Zhanjiang 524091,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China)
出处
《现代农业装备》
2025年第6期84-94,共11页
Modern Agricultural Equipment
基金
以农业领域为单元的广东省现代农业产业共性关键技术研发创新团队建设项目(设施与装备(种植方向))共性关键技术(2024CXTD01)
海南省重点研发专项(ZDYF2024YJGG001-27)
湛江市科技计划项目(2020A05004)。
关键词
蔬菜移栽机
间距可调
仿真分析
虚拟样机
试验研究
vegetable transplanter
adjustable spacing
simulation analysis
virtual prototype
experimental research
