摘要
基于对滇西北地区21个藏族聚落119栋碉房的实地调研,对该地区藏族碉房的形态组构及其生成机制进行解析。藏族碉房以“层”为基本单元,通过矩形、回字形、凹字形、L形和凸字形等形态的组合,形成了28种形态组构类型,这些类型的空间渗透性和外部开放性均呈现出北部较强、南部较弱的地域分布特点。尽管碉房的形态十分多样,但通过一套相对统一、简洁的营造逻辑,可以对其生产机制进行阐释,即从基础柱网出发,先确定各层柱网,再确定特殊空间的柱网,进而决定碉房的最终形态。在这一过程中,地形、气候、使用功能、家庭规模、精神信仰等因素得到了综合考虑,并不同程度地体现在形态组构的特征中,展现了民居建筑作为一种共享的地方性知识的存在。
This paper analyzes the morphological composition and generative mechanism of Tibetan blockhouses in northwest Yunnan,based on a survey of 119 such structures across 21 Tibetan settlements.Taking the"layer"as the basic unit,28 morphological composition types are identified,derived from combinations of rectangular,U-shaped,L-shaped and丄-shaped layers.In comparison,blockhouses in the northern part of the region show greater spatial permeability and external openness,while those in the southern part show relatively weaker such characteristics.Despite significant morphological diversity among the blockhouses,their generative mechanism can be explained by a relatively unified and simple construction logic.Starting from a basic column grid,the column layout for each layer is determined,and after necessary adjustment of the columns in some special spaces,the final form of the blockhouse is shaped.During this process,factors such as landform,climate,function,family size,and spiritual beliefs are taken into consideration,and reflected in the morphological composition to varying degrees,which shows that traditional dwellings embody a shared body of local knowledge.
作者
潘曦
陈艳
张辰晨
PAN Xi;CHEN Yan;ZHANG Chenchen
出处
《新建筑》
2025年第6期4-10,共7页
New Architecture
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52478004)
北京市科技新星项目(20240484691)。
关键词
传统民居
碉房
形态组构
生成机制
营造逻辑
traditional dwelling
blockhouse
morphological composition
generative mechanism
building logic
