摘要
大数据和机器学习方法的快速发展,对管理决策和社会科学研究产生了显著影响,也推动了公共管理研究范式的转变。尽管当前ChatGPT和DeepSeek等生成式人工智能发展迅速,但机器学习方法在公共管理研究中的应用还相对比较匮乏,也缺乏系统性梳理。本文系统性地梳理分析了机器学习方法在公共管理领域的应用全景,发现以下特点:一是总体应用还属于起步阶段,以有监督分类和回归、无监督主题建模等方法为主;二是使用场景丰富,聚焦于议题识别、文本分类、情感分析和预测建模等;三是数据类型多元,涵盖了政策文本、新闻报道和社交媒体等。最后,本文对机器学习方法在公共管理研究中的应用进行了展望,为未来数智范式下的公共管理研究提供方法上的借鉴和支撑。
The rapid development of big data and machine learning methods has exerted a profound impact on management decision-making and social science research,and has also promoted the transformation of research methods in public administration.Despite the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence such as ChatGPT and Deepseek,the application of machine learning methods in public administration research is still relatively scarce,and there is a lack of systematic review.This paper systematically reviews literature from SSCI indexed public administration journals to analyze the panorama of machine learning methods in the field of public administration.Key findings reveal:(1)Machine learning applications in public administration research currently are still in their initial stages but demonstrate accelerated development momentum and substantial potential.Methodological implementations encompass unsupervised learning,supervised learning,and semi-supervised learning approaches,with predominant utilization observed in supervised classification/regression and unsupervised topic modeling techniques;(2)Application scenarios exhibit diversity yet concentrate primarily on agenda identification,text classification,sentiment analysis,and predictive modeling;(3)Data types employed demonstrate heterogeneity,spanning policy documents,news reports,and social media content.Finally,this paper discusses and prospects the application of machine learning in public administration research,aiming to provide methodological references and support for future investigations under the emerging digital-intelligent research paradigm.
作者
王友奎
陈思丞
孟庆国
WANG Youkui;CHEN Sicheng;MENG Qingguo(School of Economics and Management,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing 100876,China;School of Public Policy&Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《岳麓公共治理》
2025年第4期1-14,共14页
YUELU PUBLIC GOVERNANCE
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目:人工智能伦理挑战与价值对齐的测量和治理研究(24BZX082)。
关键词
机器学习
大数据
公共管理
SSCI
machine learning
big data
public administration
SSCI
