摘要
哈贝马斯将“技术理性”视为科学技术意识形态的核心,从技术作为“控制自然的工具”“压迫人类的手段”“割裂社会制度发展的桎梏”三个层面,揭示了科学技术过度扩张的负面效应。为突破“技术理性”的局限,哈贝马斯引入“交往理性”概念,构建了以“主体间性”为基石的哲学框架。本文将其“商谈伦理”中的道德规范延伸至人与自然共存领域,重建社会共识与伦理基础;恢复系统与生活世界的平衡,使系统回归合理边界,以实现人与自然、社会的可持续发展。在此过程中,将真实性、正确性与真诚性的交往行为原则运用至生态领域,以促进生态决策的公正与合理。运用该理论阐释了“交往理性”对“技术理性”引发的生态危机的消解逻辑,通过“主体间性”范式重构生态伦理,为当代生态危机提供了系统的病理诊断与治理路径。然而,随着数智技术的发展,哈贝马斯的“主体间性”理论在生态领域暴露出局限性。在数智社会,亟需建立“物体间性”的新唯物主义范式,以应对未来人与自然关系的生态挑战,为构建更加和谐的人与自然关系提供新的理论支撑。
Habermas regards"technological rationality"as the core of the ideology of science and technology,and reveals the negative effects of excessive expansion of science and technology from three aspects:technology as"a tool to control nature""a means to oppress humanity"and"a shackle to break the development of social systems".To break through the limitations of"technological rationality",Habermas introduced the concept of"communicative rationality"and constructed a philosophical framework based on"intersubjectivity".This article extends the moral norms in its"negotiation ethics"to the field of coexistence between humans and nature,and reconstructs social consensus and ethical foundations.Restore the balance between the system and the living world,bring the system back to a reasonable boundary,and achieve sustainable development of human beings,nature and society.In this process,the principles of communication behavior such as authenticity,correctness and sincerity are applied to the ecological field to promote the fairness and rationality of ecological decision-making.The application of this theory explains the logic of"communicative rationality"in resolving the ecological crisis triggered by"technological rationality",and reconstructs ecological ethics through the"intersubjectivity"paradigm,providing a systematic pathological diagnosis and governance path for contemporary ecological crises.However,with the development of digital intelligence technology,Habermas theory of"intersubjectivity"has exposed its limitations in the ecological field.In the digital and intelligent society,it is urgently necessaryto establish a new materialist paradigm of inter-objectivity to address the ecological challenges of the future relationship between humans and nature,and to provide new theoretical support for building a more harmonious relationship between humans and nature.
作者
陈俊翔
蔡华杰
CHEN Jun-xiang;CAI Hua-jie(School of Marxism,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350108,China)
出处
《自然辩证法研究》
北大核心
2025年第11期20-28,共9页
Studies in Dialectics of Nature
基金
国家“万人计划”青年拔尖人才资助项目“马克思主义生态理论与当代中国生态文明建设研究”
福建省2024年度高校以马克思主义为指导的哲学社会科学学科基础理论研究创新团队项目“马克思主义生态文明基础理论研究”
福建省习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心重大项目“习近平生态文明思想研究”(FJ2022XZZ001)。
关键词
哈贝马斯
科学技术意识形态批判
生态伦理
物体间性
Habermas
ideological criticism of science and technology
ecological ethics
inter-objectivity
