摘要
目的了解广州市艾滋病哨点不同类型毒品使用者中人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、梅毒和丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染状况以及行为学特征,为制定吸毒人群的艾滋病防治策略提供参考依据。方法2009-2023年每年监测期内运用重复横断面调查,对广州艾滋病哨点新入所的吸毒者进行问卷调查和血清学检测,并根据毒品使用类型分为传统毒品使用者、新型毒品使用者和混合毒品使用者。分析不同类型毒品使用者的血清学状况和行为特征。结果吸毒人群HIV、梅毒和HCV总体感染率分别为1.34%、3.69%和54.77%,传统毒品组HIV感染率最高(1.87%),梅毒、HCV感染率最高均为混合毒品组(4.35%、68.69%)。行为特征显示,不同类型毒品使用者在注射吸毒、共用针具及其频次、近1年吸毒后发生性行为、与配偶或同居者性行为安全套使用率、近1年商业性行为以及安全套使用率等方面差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。其中传统毒品组和混合毒品组的注射吸毒比例(69.25%、70.91%)和共用针具比例(25.88%、32.12%)远高于新型毒品组(12.08%、19.76%)(χ^(2)=3737.09、28.17,P均<0.001),新型毒品组和混合毒品组在吸食毒品后发生性行为的比例(65.30%、73.90%)较传统毒品组(58.23%)高(χ^(2)=28.68,P<0.001),差异均有统计学意义。结论混合和传统毒品使用者总体感染HIV、梅毒和HCV的风险较高。传统毒品组容易出现高危吸毒行为,而新型毒品组通过高危性行为感染的可能性较大,值得注意的是毒品混用人群则在这两方面的风险均较高,需要重点关注和干预。
Objective To investigate the infection status of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV),syphilis and hepatitis C virus(HCV),and behavioral characteristics among different types of drug users in Guangzhou,and to provide a reference basis for formulating AIDS prevention and control strategies for drug users.Methods During the sentinel surveillance period of 2009-2023,a continuously cross-sectional survey was conducted among all drug users newly admitted at the AIDS surveillance sentinel in Guangzhou,to analyze the serological status and behavioral characteristics of different types of drug users.They were classified into traditional drug users,new-type drug users and mixed drug users based on the type of drugs used.Results The overall positive rates of HIV,syphilis and HCV were 1.34%,3.69%and 54.77%,respectively,with the highest HIV positive rate in the traditional drug group(1.87%)and the highest syphilis and HCV positive rates both in the mixed drug group(4.35%,68.69%).In terms of behaviors,there were significant differences among different types of drug users in injecting drug use,sharing needles and their frequency,having sex after taking drugs in the past year,condom use rate in sex with spouses or cohabitants in the past year,commercial sex rate in the past year and condom use rate(P<0.05).The proportions of injecting drug use(69.25%,70.91%)and sharing needles(25.88%,32.12%)in the traditional and mixed drug groups were much higher than those in the new drug group(12.08%,19.76%)(χ^(2)=3737.09,28.17;all P<0.001).The proportion of sexual intercourse after taking drugs in the new and mixed drug groups(65.30%,73.90%)was higher than that in the traditional drug group(58.23%)(χ^(2)=28.68,P<0.001).Conclusions Mixed and traditional drug users are generally at higher risk for HIV,syphilis,and HCV infection.Traditional drug users are more likely to engage in high-risk drug use,while new drug users are more likely to be infected through high-risk sexual behavior.It is worth noting that people who used mixed drugs had higher risks in both aspects and should pay special attention and intervention.
作者
陈希
林莹儿
吴昊
黎庆梅
秦发举
刘杰伟
贾晓飞
吴国桢
孙敏英
赵宇腾
CHEN Xi;LIN Yinger;WU Hao;LI Qingmei;QIN Faju;LIU Jiewei;JIA Xiaofei;WU Guozhen;SUN Minying;ZHAO Yuteng(Department of AIDS&STD,Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Guangzhou Health Supervision Institute),Institute of Public Health,Guangzhou Medical University&Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510440,China;School of Public Health,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 511436,China;Baiyun Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510445,China;Tianhe Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou,Guangdong 5l0655,China;Zengcheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou,Guangdong 511300,China)
出处
《热带医学杂志》
2025年第10期1411-1417,1446,共8页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
基金
广东省医学科学技术研究基金(A2023393)
广州市科技计划项目(2024A03J0471,2024A03J0418)。
