摘要
有效应对和管理负面情绪是孤独症(ASD)儿童适应社会的必备能力,然而以往研究大多集中于情绪识别和情绪理解,对ASD儿童情绪调节特征及干预则关注较少。为此,本研究结合多模态(量表、行为观察和生理测量)多场景(实验室、日常生活)的评估方法,全面考察ASD儿童的情绪调节特征,并进一步探究正念和认知行为策略训练对其情绪调节的改善作用。实验1通过挫折任务收集了ASD(n=23)和典型发育儿童(n=22)负性情绪的应对策略和生理指标,并通过量表评估他们在日常生活中的情绪调节能力。结果发现, ASD儿童在应对负面情绪时更多采用非适应性调节策略,且呈现生理唤醒水平显著更高,波动更大以及恢复速度更慢的特点;父母报告也显示ASD儿童在日常生活中更频繁体验消极情绪,情绪调节能力低于典型发育儿童。基于此,实验2开发正念和认知行为策略的综合干预方案,并采用2(干预组、对照组)×2(前测、后测)实验设计,干预组进行8周,每周2次,每次60分钟,每组2~3人的干预训练。结果发现,与对照组相比,训练后干预组在实验室场景中使用适应性策略的频率显著增加,非适应性策略显著减少,且日常生活中的情绪调节能力也显著提升。本研究表明ASD儿童在情绪调节方面的普遍困难,并为改善其情绪调节能力提供了多模态评估与综合干预的新路径。
Effective regulation of negative emotions is essential for children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)to adapt successfully to social environments.However,prior research has predominantly focused on emotion recognition and comprehension,with limited attention to the specific characteristics of emotion regulation in ASD children and targeted intervention strategies.To bridge this gap,the present study adopted a multimodal assessment framework,integrating self-report measures,behavioral observations,and physiological recordings in both laboratory and real-life contexts.This comprehensive approach enabled an in-depth examination of emotion regulation characteristics in ASD children and evaluated the efficacy of mindfulness and cognitive-behavioral strategies in improving their regulatory abilities.Study 1 involved children with ASD(n=23)and typically developing(TD)children(n=22)who participated in a frustration-inducing task,during which their coping strategies and physiological responses were recorded.Parents also completed questionnaires assessing their children's daily emotion regulation abilities.Building on these insights,Study 2 developed an integrated intervention program combining mindfulness and cognitive-behavioral strategies.A 2×2 experimental design(intervention vs.control group;pre-vs.post-test)was implemented,with the intervention group receiving an eight-week program comprising two 60-minute sessions per week in small groups of two to three children.Results from Study 1 revealed pronounced emotion regulation difficulties in ASD children across multiple domains:(1)Behavioral observations indicated a reliance on maladaptive coping strategies and infrequent use of constructive approaches for managing negative emotions;(2)Physiological indicators showed elevated arousal,greater emotional volatility,and slower recovery rates in response to negative stimuli;(3)Questionnaire data highlighted poorer overall emotion regulation,more frequent negative emotions,and less stable emotional states compared to TD children.In Study 2,post-intervention assessments demonstrated significant increases in constructive emotion regulation strategies and reductions in maladaptive ones during laboratory tasks among ASD children.Additionally,self-reported emotion regulation abilities and daily emotional stability improved markedly.By employing multimodal assessments across laboratory and ecological settings,this study provides a holistic portrayal of emotion regulation in ASD children,addressing the full regulatory process and filling key gaps in the literature.It offers theoretical insights into ASD-related emotion regulation challenges and lays the groundwork for personalized interventions.Innovatively,the study develops and validates an integrated program merging mindfulness techniques with cognitive-behavioral strategies,which not only bolsters emotional management skills in ASD children—enhancing their social interactions and quality of life—but also equips educators,therapists,
作者
王雪珂
邓芳
陈立
冯廷勇
WANG Xueke;DENG Fang;CHEN Li;FENG Tingyong(Faculty of Psychology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders,Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University;Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders Chongqing;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders,Chongqing 400014,China)
出处
《心理学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期39-56,I0001,I0002,共20页
Acta Psychologica Sinica
基金
科技部重点研发项目(2022YFC2705201)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(32571253,82572954,32271123)
重庆市技术创新应用发展重点项(CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0150)
西南大学创新研究2035先导计划(SWUPilotPlan006)资助。
关键词
孤独症
情绪调节
多模态评估
正念干预
认知行为策略
autism spectrum disorder
emotion regulation
multimodal assessment
mindfulness
cognitive behavioral strategies
