摘要
【目的】盐碱地是我国重要的土地资源,从盐碱地作物根际筛选土壤适应性强的功能菌株,利用菌株开发生物有机肥料,并探究其对盐碱地花生植株生长及籽粒产量品质的增产提质效果,为研发盐碱地专用的微生物有机肥料提供微生物解决方案。【方法】以花生为研究对象,比较低盐胁迫与无盐胁迫土壤中花生根际细菌群落的差异,鉴定低盐胁迫下花生根际富集的能促进植株耐盐能力的潜在类群。从花生植株根际土壤中分离获得一株能增强花生耐盐性的菌株HS6,初步鉴定其属于副地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus paralicheniformis)。将其与有机肥配制成微生物有机肥料,在滨海盐碱地开展田间试验,设置对照处理(CK:腐熟有机肥)和处理1(T1:添加菌株HS6菌体的腐熟有机肥),通过计数和称重法统计花生生长和产量构成指标,通过凯氏定氮法和索氏抽提法测定花生品质。【结果】当土壤盐浓度高于0.3%时会显著抑制花生生长。通过PCA分析比较发现,低盐胁迫(0.3%)与无盐胁迫土壤中花生根际细菌群落存在显著差异,低盐胁迫下花生根际主要正向富集的差异类群为芽孢杆菌科(Bacillaceae)等22个类群。施用菌株HS6制成的生物有机肥料能显著促进花生生长,提高花生生物量积累,同时增加花生结瘤数量,T1处理下花生根瘤数是CK处理的5倍;功能微生物肥料还能提高花生产量和品质,与对照相比,T1处理下花生粗蛋白含量下降了13.84%,花生粗脂肪含量提高了5.63%。【结论】低盐胁迫可显著促进花生根际富集能够增强其耐盐能力的功能微生物类群,利用花生在低盐胁迫下根际富集的功能菌株制成的生物有机肥(T1)能促进花生提质增产,可开发为盐碱地作物增产的专用微生物肥料。
[Objective]Saline-alkali soil is an important farmland resource in China.This study explored the effects of a bio-organic fertilizer fortified with a functional strain isolated from the crop rhizosphere of saline-alkali soil on the growth and the grain yield and quality of peanut plants in saline-alkali soil.The results are expected provide a solution for the development of specific microbial organic fertilizers for saline-alkali soil.[Methods]We first compared the rhizosphere bacterial communities of peanut plants growing in low-salt stress and non-salt stress soils,and identified the potential taxa improving the salt tolerance of plants that were enriched in the peanut rhizosphere under low-salt stress.A strain named HS6 capable of enhancing the salt tolerance of peanut plants was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of peanut plants.It was preliminarily identified as Bacillus paralicheniformis HS6.A microbial organic fertilizer was prepared by combining this strain with organic fertilizer.A field experiment was carried out in coastal saline-alkali land,including a control treatment(CK:decomposed organic fertilizer)and treatment 1(T1:decomposed organic fertilizer supplemented with the cells of strain HS6).The growth and yieldrelated indicators of peanut plants were determined by counting and weighting,and the quality of peanuts was determined by the Kjeldahl method and the Soxhlet extraction method.[Results]The soil salt concentration higher than 0.3%significantly inhibited the growth of peanut plants.The principal component analysis revealed a significant difference in the peanut rhizosphere bacterial communities between low-salt stress(0.3%)and non-salt stress soils.Under low-salt stress,22 differential taxa,mainly including Bacillaceae,were positively enriched in the peanut rhizosphere.The application of the organic fertilizer prepared with strain HS6 significantly promoted the growth,enhanced the biomass accumulation,and increased the number of nodules of peanut plants.The number of peanut nodules of T1 was 5 times that of CK.Moreover,the functional microbial fertilizer improved the yield and quality of peanuts.Compared with CK,T1 decreased the crude protein content of peanuts by 13.84%,while increasing the crude fat content of peanuts by 5.63%.[Conclusion]Low-salt stress can promote the enrichment of functional microbial taxa capable of enhancing salt tolerance in the peanut rhizosphere.The microbial organic fertilizer fortified with the functional strain enriched in the rhizosphere under salt stress can significantly improve the yield and quality of peanuts,demonstrating the potential to serve as a special microbial fertilizer for saline-alkali soil.
作者
王觉萱
李洁
徐周
刘祖锋
刘德锐
张楠
张瑞福
沈其荣
荀卫兵
WANG Juexuan;LI Jie;XU Zhou;LIU Zufeng;LIU Derui;ZHANG Nan;ZHANG Ruifu;SHEN Qirong;XUN Weibing(Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Organic Waste Utilization,College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,Jiangsu,China;Hubei Yishizhuang Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Yichang,Hubei,China)
出处
《微生物学报》
北大核心
2025年第12期5590-5604,共15页
Acta Microbiologica Sinica
基金
江苏省杰出青年基金(BK20240092)
沿海开发集团有限公司2022年科技“揭榜挂帅”研发项目(2022YHTDJB01)。
关键词
盐碱土壤
根际
副地衣芽孢杆菌
盐碱地专用肥
增产提质
saline-alkali soil
rhizosphere
Bacillus paraclicheniformis
specific fertilizer for salinealkali soil
yield and quality improvemen
