摘要
昆虫的化学感受依赖嗅觉和味觉两个系统,在昆虫的寄主选择、取食、产卵、交配、躲避天敌等关键行为过程中发挥着重要作用。自20世纪初以来,随着行为学、电生理学、显微成像、分子生物学及高通量测序等技术的发展,人们对昆虫嗅觉与味觉的行为特征、感器类型、神经环路及分子机制等的认识不断加深。近年来,嗅觉方面的研究揭示了气味受体、离子受体、气味结合蛋白、化学感受蛋白在昆虫对挥发性物质感受过程中的作用;味觉方面则主要集中在味觉受体对昆虫取食和产卵刺激素和遏制素的编码机制上。与此同时,嗅觉和味觉研究在农业害虫防控中的应用价值日益凸显,基于性信息素和植物挥发物的行为调节剂在害虫绿色防控中发挥了越来越重要的作用,在农林生产中得到推广应用。本文概述了昆虫嗅觉与味觉的发展历程,综述了我国学者在该领域的重要研究成果,总结了害虫防治中与嗅觉和味觉相关的应用实践,为进一步解析昆虫化学感受机制和发展害虫绿色防控新产品提供参考。
The olfactory and gustatory systems play crucial roles in essential insect behaviors,such as host selection,feeding,oviposition,mating,and predator avoidance.Since the early 20th century,advances in ethology,electrophysiology,microscopic imaging,molecular biology,and high-throughput sequencing,have greatly improved our understanding of the behavioral characteristics,sensillum types,neural circuits,and molecular mechanisms,underlying insect chemoreception.In recent years,olfactory research has elucidated the underlying mechanisms of odorant receptors,ionotropic receptors,odorant-binding proteins,and chemosensory proteins in the peripheral coding of odorants,and research on taste has primarily focused on the encoding mechanisms of gustatory receptors in response to feeding and oviposition stimulants and deterrents.At the same time,the benefits of applying the results of olfactory and gustatory research to pest management has become increasingly apparent.Behavior-modifying agents based on sex pheromones and plant volatiles have been widely adopted in agriculture and forestry production,where they play an increasingly important role in environmentally-friendly pest control.This review outlines the history of research on insect chemoreception in China,introduces key contributions of Chinese researchers,and highlights practical applications of this research in integrated pest management.Recent progress in this field will hopefully further understanding of insect olfaction and taste,and facilitate the development of innovative pest control products.
作者
莫宝童
王琛柱
MO Bao-Tong;WANG Chen-Zhu(School of Synthetic Biology,School of Life Science,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;State Key Laboratory of Animal Biodiversity Conservation and Integrated Pest Management,Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)
出处
《应用昆虫学报》
北大核心
2025年第5期1473-1495,共23页
Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology
基金
山西省基础研究计划资助项目(202403021212065)
国家自然科学基金项目(32130090,32372541)。
关键词
昆虫化学感受
嗅觉受体
味觉受体
行为调控
害虫防治
insect chemoreception
olfactory receptors
gustatory receptors
behavioral regulation
pest management
