摘要
光催化技术是一种清洁化工技术,在环境污染治理以及清洁能源生产等领域,展现出极大的应用前景。系统综述了半导体光催化材料的研究进展。从基本原理出发,对光催化过程中关键的影响因素进行了分析。重点探讨了无机半导体光催化剂(如TiO_(2)、CdS、Bi_(2)WO_(5)等)和有机半导体光催化剂(MOFs、COFs及超分子化合物)的结构特点、改性策略及性能优化途径。通过能带工程、异质结体系的构建和形貌调控等手段,显著提升了材料的光响应范围和量子效率。特别关注了S型异质结在污染物降解、光解水制氢和CO_(2)还原等领域的应用效果。文章归纳了面临的挑战,并展望了未来发展方向,为高性能光催化材料的设计与开发提供了理论参考和技术借鉴。
Photocatalytic technology,as a green and sustainable approach for chemical conversion,exhibits broad application prospects in environmental remediation and clean energy production.This review systematically summarizes recent advances in semiconductor photocatalytic materials,beginning with fundamental principles and analyzing key influencing factors in the photocatalytic process.Special emphasis is placed on the structural features,modification strategies,and performance optimization of both inorganic semiconductors(e.g.,TiO_(2),CdS,Bi_(2)WO_(5))and organic photocatalysts(MOFs,COFs,and supramolecular assemblies).Through bandgap engineering,heterojunction construction,and morphology control,significant improvements have been achieved in light response range and quantum efficiency.Particular attention is given to novel catalytic systems such as S-scheme heterojunctions for applications in pollutant degradation,water splitting,and CO_(2) reduction.Current challenges and future perspectives are discussed to provide theoretical and technical guidance for the design of high-efficiency photocatalytic materials.
作者
杨品一
赵阳
YANG Pinyi;ZHAO Yang(Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College of Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,China)
出处
《化工科技》
2025年第6期81-87,共7页
Science & Technology in Chemical Industry
基金
黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目“面向有机激光的主客体分子晶体的构筑与器件化探索”(LH2022E013)。
关键词
光催化
半导体材料
异质结
载流子分离
Photocatalysis
Semiconductor materials
Heterojunction
Charge separation
