摘要
财礼源自周代“昏礼”之纳征,经后世礼、法、俗融合,成为定婚的实质要件之一。在礼法规范下,定婚和财礼属于聘娶婚与家产制的一个子系统,悔婚及定婚解除后的财礼返还已形成自洽的规则体系。晚清移植西法,婚约制逐步取代定婚制,定婚与财礼之间的必然联系被割裂,财礼及其返还规则在国家法上处于模糊地带。更有甚者,礼法俗交织下的财礼成为革命者认知中的“陋俗”,其规则意义和伦理价值隐而不彰。由于婚约制度和过错因素的缺位,最高人民法院确立的彩礼返还规则始终无法跳出以“登记”为返还基准的窠臼。
Bride price originated from the na zheng(Ritual of Paying Tribute)in the hun li(“marriage rites”)of the Zhou dynasty.Over time,through the integration of ritual,law,and custom,it became one of the essential elements of formal engagement.Within the traditional ritual legal framework,engagement and bride price formed a subsystem of the betrothal marriage and family property regimes,where a selfconsistent set of rules had already developed concerning the return of the bride price following a breach or dissolution of the engagement.In the late Qing Dynasty,with the reception of Western law,the contractual marriage system gradually replaced the old engagement system,severing the intrinsic link between engagement and bride price;consequently,the bride price and its return fell into a legal grey area under state law.Furthermore,the intertwining of ritual,law,and custom led revolutionaries to brand the bride price as a“backward custom,”obscuring its normative significance and ethical value.Due to the absence of an engagement system and fault factors,the rules established by the Supreme Peoples Court for the return of the bride price have been confined to using“registration”as the benchmark for return.
作者
陈云朝
杨蕊溶
CHEN Yunzhao;YANG Ruirong
出处
《中国农业大学学报(社会科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第6期129-145,共17页
Journal of China Agricultural University(Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“近代徽州‘一田两主’地权制度转型及当代启示研究”(19CFX010)。
关键词
定婚
婚约
财礼返还
民事习惯
Engagement
Marriage contract
Bride price return
Civil custom
