摘要
“数字乡村”既是乡村振兴的战略方向,又是建设数字中国的重要内容。基于县域数字乡村指数与中国家庭金融调查2019年和2021年匹配的面板数据,本文实证检验了数字乡村发展对户籍地农村劳动力新业态灵活就业的带动作用。研究发现,数字乡村指数每增加1个标准差,农村劳动力参与本县新业态灵活就业的概率显著提升2.54%~2.82%,表明县域数字乡村建设有助于农村劳动力实现在地充分就业。这种促进作用具有普惠性,对女性以及低人力资本、低物质资本和低社会资本劳动力群体的影响更显著。机制分析表明,数字化带来的收入状况改善和风险态度转变构成了本地劳动力就业转换的内在动力。在就业质量方面,更高的数字化水平提升了新业态灵活就业者的工资率,但也显著增加了工作时长,且未显著改善灵活就业群体的社会保障水平。因此,加快完善灵活就业者的社会保障制度体系,促进农村劳动力高质量灵活就业至关重要。本研究为“十五五”期间加快推进数字乡村建设和促进农村劳动力高质量充分就业提供了经验证据和政策优化建议。
“Digital Villages”are not only a strategic direction for rural revitalization but also a crucial component of building a Digital China.By matching county-level panel data of the digital villages index with individual-level data from the China Household Finance Survey(CHFS)for 2019 and 2021,this paper empirically examines the impact of digital villages development on rural laborersparticipation in new forms of flexible employment in their registered locations.The study finds that an increase of one standard deviation in the digital villages index significantly increases the probability of rural laborers participating in new forms of flexible employment within their county by 2.54% to 2.82%,indicating that digital village construction at the county-level facilitates full local employment for rural workers.In addition,this promoting effect is broadly inclusive,with more pronounced impacts on women and on workers with low human capital,low physical capital,and low social capital.Mechanism analysis reveals that the improvements in income conditions and shifts in risk attitudes driven by digitalization constitute the intrinsic drivers of local labor employment transitions.In terms of employment quality,the higher level of digitalization increases the wage rate of flexible workers but simultaneously extends their working hours,without substantially improving their social security coverage.Therefore,it is essential to accelerate the improvement of the social security system for flexible workers and promote high-quality flexible employment for rural laborers.This study provides empirical evidence and policy recommendations for advancing digital village construction and fostering high-quality full employment for rural laborers during the“14th Five-Year Plan”period.
作者
贾男
陈欣媛
余川江
JIA Nan;CHEN Xinyuan;YU Chuanjiang
出处
《中国农业大学学报(社会科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第6期45-71,共27页
Journal of China Agricultural University(Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“增强内生动力促进农村低收入群体稳定增收的理论机理和政策模拟”(23BJY009)。
关键词
数字乡村指数
新业态灵活就业
农村劳动力
县域在地就业
Digital villages index
New forms of flexible employment
Rural labor force
County-level local employment
