摘要
非洲猪瘟(African Swine Fever,ASF)是由非洲猪瘟病毒(African Swine Fever Virus,ASFV)引发的家猪与野猪传染病,具有病毒基因易变异、传播速度快、外界抵抗力强等特点,所有品种和年龄的猪均易感。目前广泛应用的ASFV诊断方法主要分为病原学检测和血清学检测两大类。当组织样本因腐败无法进行病毒分离或抗原检测,或样本中病毒已被灭活时,PCR技术展现出显著优势;凭借高敏感性与特异性,PCR方法被世界动物卫生组织(WOAH)推荐用于实验室筛查及疑似病例确诊。未来,ASFV检测技术将朝着快速化、简便化、高灵敏化及可视化的方向持续发展,为ASF疫情的精准防控提供更有力的技术支撑。
African swine fever(ASF)is a contagious disease of domestic and wild pigs caused by the African swine fever virus(ASFV).It is characterized by the virus′s genetic variability,rapid transmission,and strong resistance to the external environment.All breeds and ages of pigs are susceptible.Currently,the widely used diagnostic methods for ASFV mainly fall into two categories:pathogen detection and serological detection.When tissue samples are too decomposed for virus isolation or antigen detection,or when the virus in the sample has been inactivated,PCR technology shows significant advantages.Due to its high sensitivity and specificity,the PCR method is recommended by the World Organisation for Animal Health(WOAH)for laboratory screening and confirmation of suspected cases.In the future,ASFV detection technologies will continue to develop towards rapidity,simplicity,high sensitivity,and visualization,providing more powerful technical support for the precise prevention and control of ASF.
作者
王禹
刘洋
殷其刚
李丹丹
张冲
祝贺
王建峰
王乃福
赵宏
WANG Yu;LIU Yang;YIN Qigang;LI Dandan;ZHANG Chong;ZHU He;WANG Jianfeng;WANG Naifu;ZHAO Hong(Animal,Plant and Foodstuffs Inspection Center,Tianjin Customs,Tianjin 300457,China;District Technology Center,Haikou Customs,Haikou Hainan 570100,China;District Technology Center,Kunming Customs,Kunming Yunnan 650000,China;District Technology Center,Nanjing Customs,Nanjing Jiangsu 210000,China;District Technology Center,Ningbo Customs,Ningbo Zhejiang 315000,China)
出处
《口岸非传统安全学刊》
2025年第6期22-26,共5页
JOURNAL OF NON-TRADITIONAL BORDER SECURITY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
关键词
非洲猪瘟
非洲猪瘟病毒
病原学检测
血清学检测
african swine fever
african swine fever virus
pathogen detection
serological test
