摘要
【目的】探究黑麦切夜蛾Euxoa tritici的飞行能力。【方法】采用昆虫飞行磨系统定量评估黑麦切夜蛾成虫在不同日龄、性别、交配状态和饥饿条件下飞行能力的差异;基于吊飞黑麦切夜蛾种群的累积飞行时间,采用曲线拟合方法对其飞行能力多型现象进行划分;利用卡方检验比较室内连续继代饲养(第5代和18代)与田间种群飞行能力的差异。【结果】黑麦切夜蛾成虫随着日龄的增加飞行能力呈现先增加后下降的变化趋势:1~3日龄成虫飞行能力不断增加,3日龄达到峰值,飞行能力分别为(9.84±0.69)h、(36.91±3.04)km和(3.63±0.19)km/h,5日龄开始呈现下降趋势,9日龄时飞行能力最低分别为(6.82±0.60)h、(20.18±2.01)km和(2.87±0.12)km/h。基于相同日龄比较,发现5日龄雄虫的飞行时间显著大于相同日龄的雌虫;7日龄雌虫的飞行距离和飞行速度均显著大于相同日龄的雄虫。未交配的雄虫在飞行时间和飞行距离上显著高于未交配的雌虫,交配后雌雄成虫的飞行能力均存在显著差异,且雌虫的各项飞行能力均显著下降。饥饿处理24 h后,雌雄成虫在飞行时间上均具有显著差异,雌虫的飞行距离和飞行速度较对照组均显著增加,而雄虫仅在飞行时间上显著增加。根据黑麦切夜蛾成虫24 h吊飞的累积飞行时间将可将其划分为短飞型、中间型和长飞型3种类型,短飞型与中间型、中间型与长飞型的分界点分别为6 h和8.5 h。F5和F18代种群的飞行时间、飞行距离和飞行速度均显著低于田间种群F0代,F18代种群的长飞型个体比例较田间种群F0显著下降,短飞型个体比例显著升高。【结论】黑麦切夜蛾成虫具有较强的飞行能力,日龄、性别、交配状况和饥饿状态是影响其飞行能力的重要因素。在室内连续继代饲养多代后,黑麦切夜蛾种群发生适应性变化,其长飞型个体会逐渐转化为短飞型个体,飞行能力明显下降。
【Objective】To explore the flight ability of Euxoa tritici.【Method】In this study,an insect flight mill system was used to quantitatively evaluate the differences in the flight ability of E.tritici adults at different ages,genders,mating statuses,and under starvation conditions.Based on the cumulative flight time of the tether-flown E.tritici population,the curve fitting method was used to classify the flight ability polymorphism.And the chi-square test was used to compare the differences in flight ability between the populations continuously reared indoors for multiple generations(the 5 th and 18th generations)and the field population.【Result】As the age increases,the flight ability of E.tritici adults showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.The flight ability of 1-3-day-old adults continuously increased and reached the peak at 3 days old,with the flight ability being(9.84±0.69)h,(36.91±3.04)km,and(3.63±0.19)km/h,respectively.It started to decline at 5 days old,and reached the lowest at 9 days old,with the flight ability being(6.82±0.60)h,(20.18±2.01)km,and(2.87±0.12)km/h,respectively.When comparing different genders at the same age,it was found that the flight time of 5-day-old male adults was significantly longer than that of female adults;the flight distance and flight speed of 7-day-old female adults were significantly greater than those of male adults.Unmated male adults had significantly longer flight time and greater flight distance than unmated female adults.After mating,there were significant differences in the flight abilities of both male and female adults,and the flight ability of the female adults had significantly declined.After 24 hours of starvation treatment,there were significant differences in flight time between male and female adults.The flight distance and flight speed of the female adults were significantly increased compared to the control group,while the male adults only showed a significant increase in flight time.The accumulative flight duration of adult moths after 24 hours of flight suspension can be used to classify the Ryegrass Cutworm population into three types:short-flight,intermediate-flight,and long-flight types.The dividing points between short-flight and intermediate-flight types,and between intermediate-flight and long-flight types,are 6 hours and 8.5 hours,respectively.The flight time,flight distance,and flight speed of the F5 and F18 generations were significantly lower than those of the field population(F0 generation).The proportion of long-flight type individuals in the F18 generation significantly decreased compared with the field population(F0),while the proportion of short-flight type individuals significantly increased.【Conclusion】E.tritici adults have relatively strong flight ability.Age,gender,mating status,and starvation status are important factors affecting their flight ability.After continuous indoor rearing for multiple generations,the E.tritici population undergoes adaptive changes,and the long-flight type individuals gradually transform into short-flight type individuals,resulting in a significant decline in flight ability.
作者
陈维梓
吴彦瑾
岳忠涵
查绪栋
ROMAN Jashenko
季荣
CHEN Weizi;WU Yanjin;YUE Zhonghan;ZHA Xudong;ROMAN Jashenko;JI Rong(College of Life Sciences,Xinjiang Normal University/Laboratory of Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology in Special Environments of Xinjiang/International Research Center for Joint Control of Transboundary Pests in Central Asia/Tacheng Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Migratory Biology in Xinjiang,Urumqi 830054,China;Institute of Zoology,Ministry of Education and Science of Kazakhstan,Almaty 050038,Kazakhsta)
出处
《四川农业大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第6期1607-1615,共9页
Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University
基金
天山英才领军人才项目(TSYCLJ0016)
国家自然科学基金(32260254)
新疆重点基金(2023D01D08)。
关键词
黑麦切夜蛾
飞行能力
飞行磨
性别
交配状态
Euxoa tritici
flight capability
flight mill
gender
mating status
