摘要
【目的】基于能值分析探究不同施肥条件下土壤-植物系统的生态经济效益,为提高其生态经济效益提供数据支撑。【方法】以土壤-玉米系统为研究对象,以空白(CK)为对照,设置4个不同施用量的有机肥处理(DF1、DF2、DF3、DF4)和4个不同施用量的生物有机肥处理(XF1、XF2、XF3、XF4),采用能值方法分析不同处理下土壤-玉米系统的能值投入率、能值自给率、能值产出率、环境负载率、能值产投比、能值可持续发展指数及经济效益等。【结果】有机肥与生物有机肥施用均能显著提高土壤-玉米系统的能值效益。与CK相比,有机肥和生物有机肥处理下总能值产出分别增加了18.0%~31.3%和26.6%~38.6%,且生物有机肥处理下的总能值产出更高。生物有机肥处理下的能值投入率显著高于有机肥处理,高出49.9%~99.0%;而有机肥处理下的能值自给率、能值产出率及能值可持续发展指数高于生物有机肥处理(除施用量为1000 kg/hm2的XF1处理外),分别高出10.4%~15.3%、5.1%~9.6%和19.5%~44.1%。生物有机肥处理下土壤-玉米系统的环境负载率、能值产投比显著高于有机肥处理,分别高出18.2%~22.0%、14.7%~42.4%。其中产投比XF1处理下最高,为7.45。【结论】生产中应根据实际情况合理选择有机肥种类及施肥量,降低环境负载率,增加系统效益产投比,减轻环境承载负担。
【Objective】A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different fertilizer applications on the soilmaize system using emergy analysis,aiming to maximize ecological and economic benefits.The indicators assessed included energy input rate,emergy selfsufficiency rate,emergy yield rate,emergy sustainable development index,emergy yieldinvestment ratio,and economic benefit index.【Method】Treatments consisted of a control(CK),four levels of organic fertilizer(DF1,DF2,DF3,DF4),and four levels of bioorganic fertilizer(XF1,XF2,XF3,XF4).【Result】Results showed that both organic and bioorganic fertilizers significantly improved the emergy performance of the soilmaize system.Compared with CK,total emergy output increased by 18.0%-31.3%under organic fertilizer treatments and by 26.6%-38.6%under bioorganic fertilizer treatments,with the latter yielding higher overall output.The emergy input rate under bioorganic fertilizer treatments was significantly higher(by 49.9%-99.0%)than that under organic fertilizer treatments.Except for XF1(applied at 1000 kg/hm²),organic fertilizer treatments increased the emergy selfsufficiency rate,emergy yield rate,and emergy sustainable development index by 10.4%-15.3%,5.1%-9.6%,and 19.5%-44.1%,respectively,relative to bioorganic fertilizer treatments.In contrast,bioorganic fertilizer treatments exhibited 18.2%-22.0%higher environmental loading rates and 14.7%-42.4%higher emergy yield/input ratios compared to organic fertilizer treatments.Among all treatments,XF1 achieved the highest yield/input ratio(7.45).【Conclusion】The selection of organic fertilizer type and application rate should be carefully optimized according to local conditions to reduce environmental load and enhance system benefits,particularly the outputtoinvestment ratio.
作者
淡现
赵莞东
肖豪
徐敏
杨刚
伍钧
DAN Xian;ZHAO Wandong;XIAO Hao;XU Min;YANG Gang;WU Jun(College of Environmental Science,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)
出处
《四川农业大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第6期1527-1536,共10页
Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University
基金
四川省科技计划资助(2021ZDZX0012)
大学生创新训练计划(S202410626064)。
关键词
能值分析
有机肥
生物有机肥
玉米
可持续发展
emergy analysis
organic fertilizer
bio-organic fertilizer
maize
sustainable development
