摘要
【目的】通过研究南充主栽晚熟柑橘果皮精油的含量及组分差异性特点,以期为南充地区晚熟柑橘的果皮精油开发提供参考。【方法】以南充3个晚熟柑橘品种(清见、春见、爱媛)为试材,对果皮精油进行提取,通过气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法对3个品种果皮精油成分进行定性和定量的分析。【结果】春见果皮精油的得率最高,为3.85%;爱媛的果皮精油得率次之,为2.99%;清见的果皮精油得率最低,为1.87%。3个品种果皮精油中分别检测出35种、35种和40种成分,主要为萜烯类、烷烃类、醇类、酯类、醛类、酸类、酮类及其他化合物,其中萜烯类、酮类、醇类化合物含量均最高。3个品种果皮精油成分中含有各自的特有成分,具有相同成分的化合物有29种,其中2H-苯并环庚烯-2-酮、环己烯、1,3,8-对薄荷三烯、β-月桂烯、α-蒎烯、芳樟醇、癸醛和α-松油醇等成分含量较高。【结论】通过聚类热图和VIP值的分析,筛选出了2-壬烯醛、2,6-辛二烯、二十烷、2-环己烯-1-醇、棕榈酸等成分,对区分清见与其他2个品种的果皮精油具有重要作用;筛选出了松油烯-4-醇、乙烷、2,6,10-十二碳三烯和月桂醛等成分,对于区分春见与爱媛和清见的果皮精油具有重要作用。
【Objective】This study investigated the content and compositional differences of essential oils from peels of late maturing citrus in Nanchong,aiming to provide a reference for the development of peels essential oils from these citrus varieties in the this region.【Method】This study used three late maturing citrus varieties(Qingjian,Chunjian,and Aiyuan)in Nanchong as test materials.Essential oils were extracted from their fruit peels,and the components were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).【Result】The results showed that the yield of essential from Chunjian peel was the highes(t 3.85%),followed by Aiyuan(2.99%),while Qingjian gave the lowest yield(1.87%).A total of 35,35 and 40 components were detected in the peel essential oil of three varieties,respectively.The main compounds belonged to terpenes,alkanes,alcohols,esters,aldehydes,acids,ketones and other compounds,with terpenes,ketones and alcohols were the highest.The components of the three varieties of peel essential oil contain their own unique components,with 29 shared compounds,among which 2H-benzocyclo heptene-2-one,cyclohexene,1,3,8-p-menthotriene,β-myrcene,α-pinene,linalool,decanal,α-terpineol and other components are relatively high.【Conclusion】Through the analysis of cluster heatmap and VIP value,it was found that the difference in essential oil composition could be used to distinguish varieties.Components such as 2-nonenal,2,6-octadiene,eicosane,2-cyclohexen-1-ol,and palmitic acid were screened for their important role in distinguishing the essential oils of Qingjian from the other two varieties of fruit peels.Components such as terpinen-4-ol,ethane,2,6,10-dodecatriene,and lauraldehyde were screened for their important role in distinguishing the essential oils of Chunjian from that of Aiyuan and Qingjian.
作者
蔡韵凝
熊荣园
侯康
刘洪坤
蒋江照
CAI Yunning;XIONG Rongyuan;HOU Kang;LIU Hongkun;JIANG Jiangzhao(Nanchong Vocational and Technical College Modern Agricultural Technology College,Nanchong 637000,Sichuan,China;Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality Control and Deep Processing Technology in Nanchong City,Nanchong 637000,Sichuan,China)
出处
《四川农业大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第6期1445-1452,1472,共9页
Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University
基金
四川省科技计划(2024ZYD0305)
南充市科技计划(21YFZJ0120)
南充市重点实验室建设项目(NCKL202003)
南充职业技术学院博士科研启动基金专项(NZYBZ202101)。
