摘要
实验以四川三种竹材(牛咡竹,马来甜龙竹,青绵竹)为原料,首先分析其纤维形态和化学成分,其次进行硫酸盐法蒸煮实验。结果表明,牛咡竹原料纤维长度和长宽比均最大,分别是2.885 mm和156,其次是青绵竹2.194 mm和121,最后是马来甜龙竹1.713 mm和76。牛咡竹的综纤维素和硝酸-乙醇纤维素含量均最高,分别是77.72%和50.30%,青绵竹和马来甜龙竹综纤维素含量分别为74.89%和74.12%,硝酸-乙醇纤维素含量分别是49.29%和48.44%。在用碱量17%,硫化度20%,最高温度165℃,保温时间100 min工艺条件下进行蒸煮实验。结果为,细浆得率、粗渣率及卡伯值分别是:牛咡竹41.08%、2.81%及18.02,青绵竹36.07%、2.77%及17.23,马来甜龙竹34.14%、3.64%及20.95。实验还对三种竹材的细浆分别打浆、抄片,打浆度(45±1)°SR,浆张定量(60±1)g/m^(2),考察力学性能指标,牛咡竹抗张指数、耐破指数、撕裂指数和耐折度分别是56.8 N·m/g、5.47 kPa·m^(2)/g、25.16 mN·m^(2)/g和107次,青绵竹是48.4 N·m/g、5.34 kPa·m^(2)/g、12.78 mN·m^(2)/g和87次,马来甜龙竹是46.5 N·m/g、4.60 kPa·m^(2)/g、11.96 mN·m^(2)/g和72次。可见,三种竹材的抗张指数、耐破指数及撕裂指数均达到并超过本色竹浆的质量标准(QB/T 5742—2022)要求,其中牛咡竹的性能指标最优,其次是青绵竹,最后是马来甜龙竹。
The experiment used three types of bamboo from Sichuan(Bambusa prominens H.L.Fung et C.Y.Sia,Dendrocalamus asper(J.A.et J.H.Schult.)Backer ex Heyhe,and Bambusa intermedia Hsueh et Yi)as raw materials.Firstly,the fiber morphology and chemical composition were analyzed,and then the sulfate method cooking experiment was conducted.The results showed that the Bambusa prominens H.L.Fung et C.Y.Sia had the largest fiber length and aspect ratio,which were 2.885 mm and 156 respectively,followed by Bambusa intermedia Hsueh et Yi with 2.194 mm and 121,and Dendrocalamus asper(J.A.et J.H.Schult.)Backer ex Heyhe with 1.713 mm and 76.The contents of holocellulose and nitric acid-ethanol cellulose in Bambusa prominens H.L.Fung et C.Y.Sia were the highest,77.72%and 50.30%respectively;the holocellulose contents of Bambusa intermedia Hsueh et Yi and Dendrocalamus asper(J.A.et J.H.Schult.)Backer ex Heyhe were 74.89%and 74.12%respectively,and the nitric acid-ethanol cellulose contents were 49.29%and 48.44%respectively.Pulping experiments were carried out under the process conditions of 17%alkali dosage,20%sulfidity,maximum temperature of 165℃,and high holding time of 100 min.The results showed that the fine pulp yield,coarse residue rate and Kappa number of Bambusa prominens H.L.Fung et C.Y.Sia were 41.08%,2.81%and 18.02 respectively;those of Bambusa intermedia Hsueh et Yi were 36.07%,2.77%and 17.23 respectively;and those of Dendrocalamus asper(J.A.et J.H.Schult.)Backer ex Heyhe were 34.14%,3.64%and 20.95 respectively.The fine pulps of the three bamboos were respectively beaten to a beating degree of(45±1)°SR,and the paper sheets had a basis weight of(60±1)g/m^(2).The mechanical property indexes showed that the tensile index,burst index,tear index and folding endurance of Bambusa prominens H.L.Fung et C.Y.Sia were 56.8 N·m/g,5.47 kPa·m^(2)/g,25.16 mN·m^(2)/g respectivelyand 107 times;those of Bambusa intermedia Hsueh et Yi were 48.4 N·m/g,5.34 kPa·m^(2)/g,12.78 mN·m^(2)/g and 87 times respectively;and those of Dendrocalamus asper(J.A.et J.H.Schult.)Backer ex Heyhe were 46.5 N·m/g,4.60 kPa·m^(2)/g,11.96 mN·m^(2)/g and 72 times respectively.It can be seen that the tensile strength index,bursting resistance index and tear index of the three types of bamboo materials all meet and exceed the quality standard requirements of natural bamboo pulp(QB/T 5742—2022).Among them,Bambusa prominens H.L.Fung et C.Y.Sia had the best performance indicators,followed by Bambusa intermedia Hsueh et Yi,and finally Dendrocalamus asper(J.A.et J.H.Schult.)Backer ex Heyhe.
作者
陈南星
赵举
伍佳丽
杨玲
李文俊
蒲红烨
肖祺聪
俞东良
许维麟
CHEN Nanxing;ZHAO Ju;WU Jiali;YANG Ling;LI Wenjun;PU Hongye;XIAO Qicong;YU Dongliang;XU Weilin(School of Food and Liquor Engineering,Sichuan University of Science and Engineering,Yibing 644000;Sichuan Paper Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center,Leshan 614000)
出处
《造纸技术与应用》
2025年第6期1-6,共6页
Paper Technology & Application
基金
2024—2026年四川省高等教育人才培养质量和教学改革项目(编号JG2024-0905)资助
宜宾市竹产业重大攻关项目(编号YBZD202401)
四川轻化工大学2024年大学生创新创业项目(编号202410622023,S202410622079)资助。
关键词
牛咡竹
马来甜龙竹
青绵竹
纤维形态
硫酸盐法
可持续发展
Bambusa prominens H.L.Fung et C.Y.Sia
Dendrocalamus asper(J.A.et J.H.Schult.)Backer ex Heyhe
Bambusa intermedia Hsueh et Yi
fiber morphology
sulfate process
sustainable development
