摘要
锡铁山铅锌矿经多年开采遗留了大量高品位矿柱资源,亟需对顶底柱进行安全高效回采。对底柱以上充填体现场取样并进行强度测试发现,井下充填体强度无法满足底柱采场大面积揭露条件,需要留设护顶矿柱,结合试验结果提出三种技术可行的回采方案:分段空场嗣后充填与上向进路联合开采法、假顶+分段空场嗣后充填采矿法和预控顶+下向中深孔分段空场嗣后充填采矿法。对三种方案回采工艺优缺点和技术经济指标进行对比分析,最终确定采用分段空场嗣后充填与上向进路联合开采法。通过数值模拟方法确定了中深孔采场采用隔二采一的回采方式且由两边向中间回采,并在进路采场回采过程后退式抽采部分矿柱。现场应用结果表明,该方案在矿山顶底柱资源回采中的安全性与适应性较好,综合回采率达70%,实现了顶底柱资源的高效回收与利用。
The Xitieshan lead-zinc mine has left a large amount of high-grade ore pillar resources after years of mining,and there is an urgent need to recover the top and bottom pillars in a safe and efficient manner.It is found that the strength of underground filling body can't meet the conditions for large-scale exposure in the bottom pillar mining area through on-site sampling and strength testing of the filling body above the bottom pillar,and it is necessary to leave roof protection pillars.Based on the test results,three technically feasible mining schemes were proposed,including the joint mining method of sublevel open stoping with subsequent filling and upward access empty field,mining method of false roof and segment subsequent filling,as well as mining method of pre-controlled roof and downward medium and deep hole segment subsequent filling.A comparative analysis was conducted on the advantages,disadvantages,and technical and economic indicators of the three mining methods.Finally,the the joint mining method of the segmented subsequent filling and upward access was selected.Numerical simulation was used to determine that the medium deep hole mining area adopts the mode of mining one with two intervals,and in a sequence from both sides to the middle,and a backward extraction method was used to extract partially pillars during the mining process of the access.The on-site application results show that this scheme has good safety and adaptability in the mining of top and bottom pillar resources,with a comprehensive recovery rate of 70%,achieving efficient recovery and utilization of top and bottom pillar resources.
作者
张海云
高天宇
张忠传
廖宁
蔡泽山
李正明
ZHANG Haiyun;GAO Tianyu;ZHANG Zhongchuan;LIAO Ning;CAI Zeshan;LI Zhengming(Changsha Institute of Mining Research Co.,Ltd.,Changsha,Hunan 410012,China;National Engineering Research Center for Metal Mining,Changsha,Hunan 410012,China;Xitieshan Branch of Western Mining Co.,Ltd.,Haixi Prefecture,Qinghai 816203,China)
出处
《矿业研究与开发》
北大核心
2025年第12期14-23,共10页
Mining Research and Development
基金
“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2905102)。
关键词
矿柱回采
回采方式
回采顺序
矿柱抽采
充填采矿法
Ore pillar recovery
Mining mode
Mining sequence
Pillar extraction
Backfill mining method
