摘要
目的了解医疗机构内食堂工作人员防鼠灭鼠认知情况,为提高鼠类防制水平提供保障。方法自行设计调查问卷,内容包含基本信息、防鼠灭鼠知识、信念和行为等内容。采用方便抽样的方法,对青岛市10个区(市)二级以上医疗机构的食堂工作人员防鼠灭鼠知晓情况进行问卷调查。采用χ^(2)检验、Fisher精确概率检验及多重响应交叉分析进行统计学检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果医疗机构食堂工作人员防鼠灭鼠总体知晓率为78.42%;98.56%的工作人员了解鼠类进入房屋方式以及食堂安装挡鼠板的位置;对食堂内防鼠灭鼠措施知晓率最低,为41.01%;97.84%的工作人员主动选择封堵孔洞或鼠洞的方式防范鼠类;94.96%的工作人员通过微信、网络的方式学习防鼠灭鼠知识。高知晓组和低知晓组在鼠类传播疾病、鼠种类、鼠类生活环境、鼠类进入居家房屋、室外鼠药的使用方式、食堂挡鼠板安装位置、食堂内防鼠灭鼠措施的认知以及选择学习防鼠灭鼠知识的途径方面的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论医疗机构食堂工作人员防鼠灭鼠认知水平较高,更多地使用微信、网络获取防鼠灭鼠知识,但对室内防鼠灭鼠措施存在一定的认知误区。医疗机构和政府部门应充分利用传统媒体和新媒体宣传防鼠灭鼠知识,加强员工培训,多措并举,消除误区,引导工作人员正确选择防鼠灭鼠措施。
Objective To understand the cognitive level of rodent prevention of canteen staff in medical institutions,so as to provide scientific guarantee for improving rodent prevention and control in canteens of medical institutions.MethodsThe convenient sampling was used to conduct a questionnaire survey in December 2024 to investigate the awareness of rodent prevention and control among canteen staff in medical institutions above the secondary level across 10 districts and county-level cities in Qingdao.Results The overall awareness rate of rodent prevention and control among canteen staff in medical institutions was 78.42%.98.56%of the staff understood how rodent enter buildings and the installation locations of rodent barriers in canteens,while the awareness of rodent prevention and control measures incanteen was the lowest at 41.01%.97.84%of the staff actively chose to block holes or rodent burrows as a prevention method,and 94.96%of the staff learned rodent prevention and control knowledge through WeChat and online platforms.There were statistically significant differences between the high-awareness group and low-awareness group in terms of the cognition of diseases transmitted by rodents,rodent species,the living environment of rodents,how rodents enter residential buildings,the usage methods of outdoor rodenticide,the installation locations of rodent barriers in canteens,rodent prevention and control measures in canteens,as well as the preferences for learning channels for rodent prevention and control knowledge.Conclusion Canteen staff in medical institutions have a relatively high level of awareness regarding rodent prevention and control,and they primarily obtain related knowledge through WeChat and online platforms.However,there are ceretain cognitive misconceptions regarding the measures for preventing and controlling rodents indoors.Medical institutions and government departments should make full use of both traditional and new media to promote rodent prevention and control knowledge,strengthen training,implement multiple measures to eliminate misunderstandings,and guide staff to correctly choose appropriate rodent prevention and control measures.
作者
黄奕清
刘砚涛
修璟威
王伟
李炳辉
马小芳
孙庚晓
李雪
宋富成
HUANG Yiqing;LIU Yantao;XIU Jingwei;WANG Wei;LI Binghui;MA Xiaofang;SUN Gengxiao;LI Xue;SONG Fucheng(Qingdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Qingdao Health Supervision Institute),Qingdao,Shandong 266000,China;Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine,Qingdao,Shandong 266000,China)
出处
《中华卫生杀虫药械》
2025年第6期713-716,共4页
Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments
基金
病原微生物生物安全国家重点实验室项目(SKLPBS2246)
青岛市医疗卫生科研项目(2025-WJKY130)。
关键词
医疗机构
食堂
防鼠灭鼠
知晓率
medical institutions
canteen
rodent prevention and control
awareness rate
