摘要
梨小食心虫Grapholita molesta是危害果树的重大蛀果害虫,当前仍以化学防治为主,致使其导致的抗药性与生态风险剧增。灭幼脲是防治该害虫的常规药剂,其亚致死效应对其种群动态及抗药性演化的机理尚不明确。采用饲料混毒法测定25%灭幼脲悬浮剂对2龄梨小食心虫幼虫的毒力,通过生化测定与生物学观测,探究不同亚致死剂量(LC_(10)=7.86μg/g、LC_(20)=11.87μg/g、LC_(30)=15.98μg/g)灭幼脲对幼虫谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)活性及生长发育的影响。结果表明:25%灭幼脲悬浮剂对梨小食心虫2龄幼虫的毒力曲线为y=1.896x+2.369,LC_(50)=30.1517μg/g;亚致死剂量灭幼脲可显著诱导幼虫GST活性升高,24 h时LC_(30)处理组活性达峰值,48 h和72 h时LC_(20)处理组活性最高且诱导效应持续至72 h;亚致死剂量对其生长发育呈剂量依赖性抑制:LC_(30)处理组幼虫期较对照延长4.83 d,蛹期延长2.15 d,成虫期缩短1.75 d;幼虫存活率、蛹质量、羽化率及单雌产卵量分别较对照下降31.2%、19.8%、17.9%和33.0%,对化蛹率的影响较小。本研究初步明确了亚致死剂量灭幼脲对梨小食心虫的毒理效应及抗性潜在机制,为梨小食心虫的科学用药与抗性治理提供理论支撑。
The oriental fruit moth(Grapholita molesta)is a major fruit-boring pest that inflicts significant damage on fruit trees.Currently,chemical control remains the primary management strategy for this pest,leading to a dramatic increase in both its resistance to pesticides and associated ecological risks.Chlorbenzuron is a commonly used insecticide against for G.molesta,yet the mechanisms underlying the sublethal effects of chlorbenzuron on population dynamics and resistance evolution remain unclear.In this study,the diet incorporation method was used to determine the toxicity of 25% chlorbenzuron suspension concentrate against the second-instar larvae of G.molesta.Through biochemical assays and biological observations,the impacts of different sublethal doses of chlorbenzuron(LC_(10)=7.86μg/g,LC_(20)=11.87μg/g,LC_(30)=15.98μg/g)on the activity of larval glutathione S-transferase(GST)and the pest’s growth and development were investigated.The results showed that the toxicity regression equation of 25% chlorbenzuron suspension concentrate against the second-instar larvae of G.molesta was y=1.896x+2.369,and the median lethal concentration(LC_(50))was 30.1517μg/g.Sublethal doses of chlorbenzuron significantly induced an increase in larval GST activity.The LC_(30) treatment group showed peak GST activity at 24 hours post-treatment,whereas the LC_(20) group exhibited the highest activity at 48 and 72 hours,with the inductive effect persisting up to 72 hours.Sublethal doses exerted a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on the growth and development of G.molesta∶Compared with the control group,the LC_(30) treatment group showed a 4.83-day extension in the larval stage,a 2.15-day extension in the pupal stage,and a 1.75-day reduction in the adult stage.Additionally,the larval survival rate,pupal mass,emergence rate,and fecundity per female decreased by 31.2%,19.8%,17.9%,and 33.0%,respectively,compared to the control group,while the pupation rate was less affected.This study preliminarily elucidates the toxicological effects of sublethal doses of chlorbenzuron on G.molesta and the potential mechanism of resistance development,thereby providing a theoretical basis for the rational use of pesticides and resistance management strategies.
作者
赵秀明
王洁
唐倩
周雨婷
肖秋红
同柏辰
杨晓燕
高俊恒
李怡萍
ZHAO Xiuming;WANG Jie;TANG Qian;ZHOU Yuting;XIAO Qiuhong;TONG Baichen;YANG Xiaoyan;GAO Junheng;LI Yiping(Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Xinyuan County,Yili Xinjiang 835800,China;Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,College of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)
出处
《西北农业学报》
北大核心
2025年第12期2365-2373,共9页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
新疆自治区第三批天池英才引进计划。
关键词
梨小食心虫
灭幼脲
亚致死剂量
生长发育
谷胱甘肽S-转移酶
Grapholita molesta
Chlorbenzuron
Sublethal doses
Growth and development
Glutathione S-Transferase
