摘要
[目的]通过比较不同林分凋落物的真菌群落结构特征,可探讨森林植被对微生物群落的影响。[方法]在青海东部黄土区,采集青海云杉林、青杄林、白桦林以及青海云杉白桦混交林和青杄白桦混交林5种林分类型的凋落物,通过高通量测序技术分析凋落物的真菌群落组成、丰度和多样性特征,采用冗余分析和相关性分析探讨林分凋落物化学成分对真菌群落结构的影响。[结果](1)青海云杉林凋落物的pH值显著高于其它林分类型,且有机碳含量显著高于青杄林。白桦林凋落物的水溶性氮含量显著高于其它林分类型。(2)在林分凋落物中,共获得733个真菌分类操作单元OTUs,被鉴定为5门19纲50目100科133属。凋落物真菌的优势菌门为子囊菌门和担子菌门。凋落物真菌的优势属,在青海云杉林中为星裂盘菌属(相对丰度16.43%)、丛赤壳属(12.11%)和膜盘菌属(12.11%);青杄林中为星裂盘菌属(13.00%)和棉革菌属(11.98%);白桦林中为角担菌属(18.24%)和Apodus(6.31%);青海云杉白桦混交林中为丝膜菌属(13.01%)和环柄菇属(18.52%);青杄白桦混交林中为星裂盘菌属(17.05%)和单格孢菌属(8.7%)。(3)不同林分凋落物真菌的α多样性指数无显著差异,但β多样性差异显著。青杄林凋落物腐生-共生营养型真菌相对丰度显著高于青海云杉林、白桦林和青杄白桦混交林。(4)冗余分析和相关性分析表明,凋落物p H值和水溶性氮是驱动真菌群落多样性变化的主要因素。[结论]青海东部黄土区林分类型显著影响凋落物的真菌群落特征,研究结果可为森林凋落物的管理和营林树种的选择提供理论支持。
[Objective]Investigating the fungal community structure of litter across different forest stand types can reveal how forest vegetation influences microbial assemblages.[Methods]Litter samples were collected from five forest stand types in the loess area of eastern Qinghai,namely Picea crassifolia Kom.,Picea wilsonii Mast.,Betula platyphylla Suk.,mixed forest of Picea crassifolia and Betula platyphylla,and a mixed forest of Picea wilsonii and Betula platyphylla.The composition,abundance and diversity of the fungal community in the litter were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing technology.Redundancy analyses and correlation analyses were conducted to explore the effects of the litter chemical composition in forest stands on the structure of fungal communities.[Results](1)The litter pH in Picea crassifolia forest was significantly higher than that of other stand types,and its organic carbon content was notably higher than that in Picea wilsonii forest.The litter dissolved nitrogen content in Betula platyphylla forest was significantly higher than that in other stand types.(2)A total of 733 fungal operational taxonomic units(OTUs)were obtained from forest litter,encompassing 5 phyla,19 classes,50 orders,100 families and 133 genera.The dominant phyla of fungi in litter were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota.At the genus level,Phacidium,Neonectria,and Hymenoscyphus dominated with relative abundance of 16.43%,12.11%,and 12.11%respectively in Picea crassifolia forest litter.The dominant genera were Phacidium(13.00%)and Tomentella(11.95%)in Picea wilsonii forest litter,with Ceratobasidium(18.24%)and Apodus(6.31%)in Betula platyphylla forest litter,Cortinarius(13.01%)and Lepiota(18.52%)in the mixed forest of Picea crassifolia and Betula platyphylla,as well as Phacidium(17.05%)and Monodictys(8.7%)in the mixed forest of Picea wilsonii and Betula platyphylla.(3)The fungiα-diversity index in litter showed no significant differences among the different forest stands.However,non-metric multidimensional scaling analyses revealed significant differences inβ-diversity across forest stands.The relative abundance of saprophyticsymbiotic trophic fungi was significantly higher in the Picea wilsonii stand than in the Picea crassifolia,Betula platyphylla,and mixed forest of Picea crassifolia and Betula platyphylla.(4)Redundancy and correlation analyses revealed that litter pH and dissolved nitrogen were the primary factors influencing fungal community structure and diversity.[Conclusion]These results demonstrate significant variations in litter fungal community composition among different forest stand types in eastern Qinghai Province.The findings provide valuable guidance for forest litter management and tree species selection in the loess region.
作者
范秋运
张若琪
耿玉清
张玉海
郑云游
FAN Qiu-yun;ZHANG Ruo-qi;GENG Yu-qing;ZHANG Yu-hai;ZHENG Yun-you(College of Forestry,The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Huzhu Tu Autonomous County Beishan Forest Farm,Haidong,Qinghai 810500,China)
出处
《林业科学研究》
北大核心
2025年第6期193-203,共11页
Forest Research
基金
国家林业和草原局项目(LY2020-179)
青海省省级财政林草新技术推广项目(QSCZ-2025-014)。
关键词
云杉林
混交林
凋落物
子囊菌门
真菌群落结构
Picea forest
mixed forest
litter
Ascomycota
fungal community structure
