摘要
流域特征与水文气象数据集对于深化对水文水资源演变规律的认识、推动水文模型开发与性能评估等具有重要作用。本研究构建了一个覆盖中国约四分之一国土面积、涵盖21个典型流域的地表特征与时间序列水文气象数据集。利用自动出口重定位(Automatic Outlet Relocation,AOR)算法,并结合高分辨率流向数据,实现对流域边界的自动化划分,划分结果与水利部统计数据高度一致(R^(2)=0.99)。在此基础上,通过空间叠加与掩膜提取,获得了包括地形、土地利用、土壤、植被和水文气象在内的25个流域特征变量。这些特征变量大多来源于专门针对中国区域研发的高质量、高分辨率产品,融合了地面观测与遥感等多源数据,其精度优于同类全球产品。本数据集具有广泛的应用价值,可为大尺度流域的水文建模、水文影响评估及水资源管理等研究提供重要的数据支撑。
Catchment characteristics and hydro-meteorological datasets play a critical role in deepening our understanding of hydrological processes and water resource dynamics,as well as in supporting the development and performance evaluation of hydrological models.In this study,we present a comprehensive dataset that integrates land surface attributes and time series hydro-meteorological variables across 21 representative catchments,covering approximately one-quarter of China’s terrestrial area.Catchment boundaries were delineated automatically using the Automatic Outlet Relocation(AOR)algorithm based on high-resolution flow direction data.The delineated catchment areas agree well with official statistics from the Ministry of Water Resources(R^(2)=0.99).Using these catchment boundaries,we derived 25 catchment attributes,including topography,land use,soil properties,vegetation,and hydro-meteorological indicators,through spatial overlay and mask extraction.Most of these attributes were derived from high-quality,high-resolution products specifically developed for China,integrating multi-source data such as ground observations and remote sensing,and offering higher accuracy than comparable global products.This dataset has broad application potential and can greatly support large-scale hydrological modeling,hydrological impact assessment,and water resource management.
作者
马慧
张凌
冯克庭
MA Hui;ZHANG Ling;FENG Keting(State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,P.R.China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100000,P.R.China;State Key Laboratory of Loess Science,Institute of Earth Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an 710061,P.R.China;Loess Science Data Center,Institute of Earth Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an 710061,P.R.China)
基金
国家自然科学基金(42271286)
中国科学院青年创新促进会(2023454)
甘肃省重点研究计划(23ZDKA0004)。
关键词
中国
数据集
流域
径流
水文气象
水资源
China
dataset
catchments
runoff
hydrometeorology
water resources
