摘要
跨区域输电基础设施能促进电力在区域间流动,为提升能源空间配置效率、实现高质量发展提供了重要保障。本文通过构建包含能源部门的三区域新经济地理学模型,结合2005—2020年中国特高压输电工程建设数据与工商企业注册数据,探讨了特高压输电工程建设对产业布局的影响。研究发现,特高压输电工程建设导致能源输入地产业集聚程度增加、能源输出地产业集聚程度降低,强化了资源诅咒效应。电力密集型行业受特高压影响更大,高耗电行业类企业更大程度向能源输入地集聚。异质性分析表明,清洁能源的资源祝福效应使输出地高耗电行业保持稳定份额;市场分割程度越高,资源诅咒效应越弱,更适合短距离输电的交流特高压建设对产业布局的影响比直流特高压建设更显著;对贸易成本更敏感的制造业受特高压建设的影响更大。本文揭示了特高压输电工程建设对产业布局的影响机制,为能源体系变迁过程中进一步落实区域协调发展战略提供了重要启示。
Cross-regional power transmission infrastructure facilitates the flow of electricity between regions,providing a crucial guarantee for enhancing the spatial allocation efficiency of energy and achieving high-quality development.Despite the recognized importance of energy infrastructure in economic geography and energy economics,few studies have explored the impact of such infrastructure on industrial layout.By developing a three-region New Economic Geography model with an energy sector and employing data on China's Ultra-High Voltage(UHV)power transmission projects and business registrations from 2005 to 2020,this paper empirically examines how the construction of UHV power transmission infrastructure shapes industrial layout.The findings indicate that UHV construction diminishes the comparative advantage of energy-exporting regions.This consequently redirects industrial agglomeration,increasing it in energy-receiving areas while decreasing it in exporting areas,thereby intensifying the“resource curse”effect.Furthermore,the layout of power-intensive industries is more significantly affected by cross-regional transmission facilities,primarily manifested in a greater concentration of enterprises in high-energy-consuming industries towards energy-importing regions.Heterogeneity analysis reveals several nuanced findings.Firstly,under the balance of the‘resource blessing’effect of clean energy and the‘resource curse’effect of cross-regional power transmission,the high energy-consuming industries in energy-exporting regions maintain a relatively stable share.Secondly,the greater the degree of market segmentation,the weaker the“resource curse”effect.It thus follows that the impact of alternating current(AC)UHV power transmission—which is better adapted to short-distance applications—on industrial layout is considerably more significant than that of direct current(DC)UHV power transmission.Finally,manufacturing industries that are more sensitive to trade costs are disproportionately affected by the development of UHV power transmission networks.This research elucidates the mechanisms through which UHV power transmission construction influences industrial layout.It provides significant insights for formulating regional coordinated development strategies amidst ongoing transformations in the energy system,highlighting the complex interplay between energy infrastructure,industrial geography,and regional economic outcomes.Key recommendations include accelerating a nationally unified electricity market to alleviate spatial energy mismatches,guiding orderly industrial transfer between energy-exporting and importing regions through joint industrial parks,and establishing a trilateral mechanism integrating electricity,ecology,and computing power to foster cross-regional synergy and equitable development.
作者
段巍
赵瀚林
DUAN Wei;ZHAO Hanlin(School of Economics,Nanjing University)
出处
《经济理论与经济管理》
北大核心
2025年第11期47-68,共22页
Economic Theory and Business Management
基金
国家自然科学基金(72473065)
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金(23YJA790019)的资助。
关键词
特高压输电工程
产业布局
电力基础设施
企业进入
区域协调发展
UHV power transmission project
industrial layout
power infrastructure
enterprise entry
regional coordinated development
