摘要
目的本研究旨在分析老年人主观视力减退与认知功能和焦虑抑郁状态的相关性。方法采用简明智力状态量表(MMSE)、焦虑状态筛查量表(GAD-7)、抑郁症筛查量表(PHQ-9)和自制健康问卷等工具,对常州市4个社区1017例60岁及以上健康体检老年人群进行调查,根据老年人自我报告是否存在视力减退分为视力正常组和视力减退组,分析两组间的人口基本资料及不同认知域的差异,同时将年龄、性别、受教育年限、居住状态、听力下降、吸烟史、饮酒史等因素作为自变量,认知功能和焦虑抑郁状态指标分别设为因变量,进行Logistic回归分析。结果视力减退组的认知功能障碍、焦虑和抑郁状态的发生率明显高于视力正常组(均P<0.01)。视力减退组在MMSE总分、地点定向力、记忆力和语言能力方面的评分显著低于视力正常组(均P<0.05)。Logistic多因素回归表明,主观视力减退与认知功能障碍(OR=3.544,95%CI:2.410~5.213)、焦虑状态(OR=1.903,95%CI:1.221~2.966)和抑郁状态(OR=1.888,95%CI:1.240~2.875)均呈独立正相关(均P<0.05)。结论主观视力减退的社区老年人认知功能下降和焦虑抑郁状态的发生率更高,主观视力减退是认知功能下降和焦虑抑郁状态的独立正相关因素。
Objective To examine the correlation between self-reported vision loss and cognitive decline,anxiety,and depression among older adults living in the community.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1017 community residents aged≥60 years in four Changzhou neighborhoods.Participants completed the MiniMental State Examination(MMSE),Generalized Anxiety Disorder7(GAD7),Patient Health Questionnaire9(PHQ9),and a selfdesigned health questionnaire.Based on selfreported vision status,participants were categorized into normalvision and impairedvision groups.Baseline characteristics and differences across cognitive domains were compared between groups.Logistic regression models were used to examine associations between subjective visual impairment(predictor)and outcomes-cognitive dysfunction,anxiety,and depression-adjusting for covariates including age,sex,education,living status,hearing impairment,smoking,and alcohol use.Results The rates of cognitive dysfunction,anxiety,and depression were significantly higher in the impairedvision group than in the normalvision group(all P<0.01).The impairedvision group also had lower MMSE total scores and poorer performance on orientation,memory,and language subdomains(all P<0.05).In multivariable Logistic regression,subjective visual impairment was independently associated with greater odds of cognitive dysfunction(OR=3.544;95%CI:2.410-5.213),anxiety(OR=1.903;95%CI:1.221-2.966),and depression(OR=1.888;95%CI:1.240-2.875)(all P<0.05).Conclusion Communitydwelling older adults who report vision loss have higher prevalence of cognitive impairment and anxietydepressive symptoms.Subjective visual impairment is an independent risk factor associated with cognitive decline and anxiety/depression in this population.
作者
黄影
杨世明
崔雪莲
张一
HUANG Ying;YANG Shiming;CUI Xuelian;ZHANG Yi
出处
《中国疗养医学》
2026年第1期108-112,共5页
Chinese Journal of Convalescent Medicine
关键词
老年人
视力减退
焦虑状态
抑郁状态
认知障碍
Older adults
Visual impairment
Anxiety
Depression
Cognitive impairment
