摘要
目的 了解温州市护理型养老机构老年人营养状态与日常生活活动能力的相关性,为提升养老机构服务和完善老年照护服务体系提供科学依据。方法 于2023年7月使用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取温州市18所护理型养老机构的797名老人展开问卷调查,问卷主要包括人口学信息、健康状况评估、营养状态评估、身体功能评估4部分组成。采用专门为老年人设计的微型营养评定量表(MNA-SF)评价养老机构老年人营养状态。采用日常生活活动能力评定量表(ADL)评价养老机构老年人日常生活活动能力。使用SPSS 27.0进行χ^(2)检验、Spearman相关分析。采用有序多分类logistic回归分析日常生活活动能力的影响因素。结果 797名调查对象中有营养不良风险者507例(63.6%),营养不良者116例(14.6%),不同程度日常生活活动能力下降者共514例(64.5%)。Spearman相关分析结果显示,日常生活活动能力评分与营养状态评分呈正相关(r=0.303,P<0.05)。有序多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,以营养状态正常为参照,有营养不良风险(OR=1.853,95%CI:1.305~2.632)和营养不良(OR=3.846,95%CI:2.389~6.192)与老年人日常生活活动能力下降相关。结论 养老机构老年人营养状态与日常生活活动能力呈正相关,改善养老机构老年人营养状态,有可能提高老年人日常生活活动能力。
Objective To understand the correlation between the nutritional status and activities of daily living of the elderly in senior care organizations in Wenzhou,and provide a scientific basis for improving the services of senior care organization and perfecting the elderly care service system.Methods In July 2023,the multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 797 elderly from 18 senior care organizations in Wenzhou as the subjects.The investigation was performed with questionnaire(including four parts:demographic information,health status assessment,nutritional status assessment,and physical function assessment).The Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form(MNA-SF)specifically designed for the elderly was used to evaluate the nutritional status of the elderly in senior care organizations.The Activity of Daily Living Scale(ADL)was used to evaluate the activities of daily living in elderly of senior care organizations.Theχ^(2) test and Spearman correlation analysis were used to analyze the data;the ordered multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the activities of daily living.The used software was SPSS 27.0.Results Among 797 subjects,507 cases(63.6%)had malnutrition risk and 116 cases(14.6%)had malnutrition risk;514 cases(64.5%)had varying degrees of decline in activities of daily living.Spearman correlation analysis showed that the score of daily living ability was positively correlated with nutritional status score(r=0.303,P<0.05).Ordinal logistic regression results showed that normal nutritional status served as the reference,the risk of malnutrition(OR=1.853,95%CI:1.305-2.632,P<0.05)and malnutrition(OR=3.846,95%CI:2.389-6.192,P<0.05)were associated with the decline in activities of daily living in the elderly.Conclusion There is the positive correlation between the nutritional status and the activities of daily living of elderly in senior care organizations;improving the nutritional status of the elderly can increase the activities of daily living in the elderly of senior care organizations.
作者
王一帅
石芳
童冉
刘瑞
吕豪
WANG Yishuai;SHI Fang;TONG Ran;LIU Rui;LYU Hao(School of Public Health,Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou,Zhejiang Province 325035,China;不详)
出处
《中国慢性病预防与控制》
北大核心
2025年第10期744-748,共5页
Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases
基金
国家社科基金重大专项(24ZDA092)
浙江省自然科学基金(ZCLQN25H2202)
温州市基础性科研项目(Y20240874)。
关键词
养老机构
老年人
营养状态
日常生活活动能力
Senior care organization
Elderly
Nutritional status
Activities of daily living
