摘要
我国岩溶区面积达344万km^(2),占国土总面积的三分之一以上。在岩溶隧道工程建设中常面临突水涌泥、岩溶塌陷及高地应力软岩大变形等复合风险。本文系统梳理了中国岩溶隧道工程在地质特征与风险评估体系、勘察技术创新体系、施工技术创新与实践、地下水环境影响与生态修复等方面的最新进展。未来,岩溶隧道工程将聚焦多场耦合机制深化、绿色低碳技术创新、智能化装备研发、复杂系统协同优化等关键科学问题,着力推动岩溶隧道建设从“被动防治”向“主动防控”的根本性转变。
China’s karst area of 3.44 million km^(2),accounting for more than one-third of the total land area.In the process of karst tunnel construction,it is often faced with compound risks such as water inrush,karst collapse and large deformation of soft rock with high ground stress.This paper systematically reviews the latest progress of karst tunnel engineering in China in terms of geological characteristics and risk assessment system,survey technology innovation system,construction technology innovation and practice,groundwater environmental impact and ecological restoration.In the future,karst tunnel engineering will focus on key scientific issues such as deepening multi-field coupling mechanism,green low-carbon technology innovation,intelligent equipment research and development,and collaborative optimization of complex systems,so as to promote the fundamental transformation of karst tunnel construction from"passive prevention"to"active prevention and control".
作者
许汉华
XU Hanhua(Kunming Prospecting Design Institute of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Co.,Ltd.,Yunnan Kunming 650051,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Engineering and Geohazards,Yunnan Kunming 650051,China)
出处
《化工矿物与加工》
2025年第12期71-83,共13页
Industrial Minerals & Processing
关键词
岩溶隧道
突水
地下水系统
生态修复
智能预警
风险评估
karst tunnel
water inrush
groundwater system
ecological restoration
intelligent early warning
risk assessment
