摘要
基于一款X2212型无人机风冷永磁同步电机,采用数值模拟与试验验证相结合的方法,系统分析了510、2560、4280 m三种海拔高度及4000、6000、8000 r/min三种转速下螺旋桨气流对电机温度场的影响。通过搭建电机温度测试平台,测试了不同工况下电机温升分布,并与仿真结果进行了对比分析,验证了模型的准确性。研究发现,随着海拔的升高,电机最高温度在三种转速下都呈现逐渐降低的趋势,但电机的相对温升随海拔的升高而增大。结果表明,海拔变化带来的空气密度减小、气压降低与环境温度的变化协同影响电机的温度变化。随着海拔升高,环境温度的降低使电机整体温度呈下降趋势,但空气的稀薄削弱了螺旋桨气流的冷却能力,导致电机的散热效率下降,相对温升增大。
Based on an X2212-type air-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor for UAVs,a combined approach of numerical simulation and experimental validation was employed to systematically analyze the influence of propeller-induced airflows on the motor temperature fields under three altitudes(510,2560,4280 m)and three rotational speeds(4000,6000,8000 r/min).A motor temperature testing platform was constructed to measure the motor temperature rise distribution under different operating conditions.These measurements were compared and analyzed with the simulation results to validate the model's accuracy.The paper finds that as the altitude increases,the maximum motor temperature exhibits a decreasing trend under all three rotational speeds.However,the motor's relative temperature rise increases with increasing altitude.The results indicate that the combined effects of reduced air density,decreased atmospheric pressure,and changes in ambient temperature due to altitude variation synergistically affect the motor's temperature changes.With increasing altitude,the decrease in ambient temperature causes an overall downward trend in motor temperature.Nevertheless,the thinning air weakens the cooling capacity of the propeller-induced airflows,resulting in a decline in the motor's cooling efficiency and an increase in the relative temperature rise.
作者
付博宇
许泽华
李康帅
王浩宇
贺嘉琪
何强
FU Boyu;XU Zehua;LI Kangshuai;WANG Haoyu;HE Jiaqi;HE Qiang(College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering,Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Deyang,Sichuan,618307)
出处
《中国机械工程》
北大核心
2025年第12期2894-2902,共9页
China Mechanical Engineering
基金
四川省科技计划重点研发计划(24JBGS0006)
四川省科技计划(24ZDYF1741)
成都市重点研发项目(产业链协同创新项目)(2025-XT00-00002-GX)。
关键词
无人机
高海拔环境
螺旋桨气流
强迫风冷
电机热管理
数值模拟
unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)
high-altitude environment
propeller airflow
forced air cooling
motor thermal management
numerical simulation
