摘要
目的分析老年高血压患者认知功能的流行特征及其影响因素,为预防和改善其认知功能障碍提供科学依据。方法以中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey,CLHLS)2018年的数据作为来源,共计15874名65岁及以上老年人,剔除非高血压患者,最终纳入307名老年患者作为研究对象。收集老年高血压患者的基本信息,采用简易精神状态量表(MMSE)测量认知功能。使用均数±标准差和构成比进行统计描述,影响因素分析采用t检验、χ^(2)检验以及logistic回归模型。运用SPSS 25.0软件进行数据分析,检验水准α=0.05。结果307例老年高血压患者平均年龄(84.31±10.14)岁,认知功能得分为(23.38±8.26)分,认知功能正常191人(62.21%),认知功能障碍116人(37.79%)。单因素分析显示,年龄、性别、婚姻状况等14个因素与老年高血压患者认知功能有关。多因素logistic回归分析表明,年龄(OR=1.15,95%CI:1.05~1.27)、女性(OR=6.36,95%CI:1.61~25.17)、不锻炼身体(OR=4.82,95%CI:1.28~18.17)是认知功能障碍的危险因素;生活质量一般(OR=0.03,95%CI:0.01~0.71)、生活质量好(OR=0.01,95%CI:0.00~0.23)、偶尔观看影视(OR=0.23,95%CI:0.06~0.93)是认知功能障碍的保护因素。结论老年高血压患者认知功能受多种因素影响,年龄、性别、锻炼情况等与认知功能障碍风险相关,提高生活质量、适当观看影视可能有助于保护认知功能,为后续干预提供了方向。
Objective To analyze the prevalence characteristics and influencing factors of cognitive function in elderly people with hypertension,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and improvement of their cognitive impairment.Methods Using data from the(Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey,CLHLS)2018,a total of 15,874 adults aged 65 and above were included.After excluding non-hypertensive patients,307 elderly individuals were ultimately included as the study subjects.Basic information was collected,the mini-mental state examination(MMSE)was used to measure cognitive function.Statistical description was performed using mean±SD and proportions.Influencing factors were analyzed using t test,chi-square test,and logistic regression models.Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 25.0 software with a significance level ofα=0.05.Results The average age of the 307 elderly people with hypertension was 84.31±10.14 years old,and the cognitive function score was 23.38±8.26.Among them,191 people(62.21%)had normal cognitive function,and 116 people(37.79%)had cognitive impairment.Univariate analysis showed that 14 factors such as age,gender,and marital status were related to the cognitive function of elderly people with hypertension.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that age(OR=1.15,95%CI:1.05~1.27),being female(OR=6.36,95%CI:1.61~25.17),and not doing physical exercise(OR=4.82,95%CI:1.28~18.17)were risk factors for cognitive impairment;having a moderate(OR=0.03,95%CI:0.01~0.71)and good(OR=0.01,95%CI:0.00~0.23,95%CI:0.06~0.93)quality of life,and occasionally watching movies and TV shows(OR=0.23)were protective factors for cognitive impairment.Conclusion The cognitive function of elderly people with hypertension is affected by multiple factors.Age,gender,physical activity level,etc.are related to the risk of cognitive impairment.Improving the quality of life and appropriately watching movies and TV shows may help protect cognitive function,providing a direction for subsequent interventions.
作者
刘映森
何霞
LIU Yingsen;HE Xia(Department of Neurological Rehabilitatio,Sichuan Provincial Bayi Rehabilitation Center Chengdu 611135,China;Department of neurology,Sichuan Provincial Bayi Rehabilitation Center Chengdu 611135,China)
出处
《中华保健医学杂志》
2025年第6期992-996,共5页
Chinese Journal of Health Care and Medicine
基金
成都市健康委员会成都中医药大学2024年度委校联合创新基金项目(第二批)(WXLH202403273)。
