摘要
目的:提出新文科背景下我国健康服务与管理本科专业人才培养模式重构策略。方法:运用网络搜集法、问卷调查法、文献研究法、统计分析法收集、整理、分析健康服务与管理本科人才培养的特征事实与现实困境。结果:我国设立健康服务与管理本科专业的院校数量从2015年度的5所发展为2024年度的163所。专业分布方面,东部地区63所(38.65%),中部地区50所(30.67%),西部地区50所(30.67%),办学类型包括国家“双一流”建设高校、普通本科院校、独立学院和民办高校,院校类型涉及医药类、综合类、理工类、财经类、师范类、语言类和体育类院校。师资队伍建设方面,具有博士学位教师占73.87%,高级职称教师占40.42%,31~50岁教师占84.04%。课程体系建设方面,主干课程共103门,其中频次≥2的课程36门;核心课程90门,其中频次≥2的课程38门;实践课程主要集中在军事训练、社会实践、毕业实习、毕业论文(设计)等。教材建设方面,人民卫生出版社、中国中医药出版社已启动并出版部分健康服务与管理本科专业教材。人才培养方面,163所院校共招生51602人,目前已有毕业生16259人。专业认同方面,已有研究针对不同研究对象得出不十分理想、中等偏上、中等水平等三种结果。结论:健康服务与管理本科专业发展速度较快,由于不同院校办学类型不一、院校类型各异,致使专业内涵宽泛,目前仍面临学科边界模糊、供需结构错配、课程体系失衡、实践教学薄弱、职业发展迷茫的现实困境,应“以新文科为基础、以市场需求为导向、以主干学科为支撑、以能力提升为宗旨、以职业发展为目标”推进人才培养模式重构,防范人才培养与社会需求错配风险,提升人才培养质量。
Objective To put forward the reconstruction strategy of talent training model of undergraduate majored in health service and management in China under the background of new liberal arts.Methods The network collection method,questionnaire survey method,literature research method and statistical analysis method were used to collect,sort out and analyze the characteristics,facts and practical difficulties of health service and management undergraduate training.Results The number of universities in China offering undergraduate programs in Health Service and Management has grown from 5 in 2015 to 163 in 2024.In terms of professional distribution,there were 63(38.65%)in the eastern region,50(30.67%)in the central region,and 50(30.67%)in the western region.The types of institutions included national"Double First-Class"universities,regular undergraduate universities,independent universities,and private universities.The types of universities involved medical,comprehensive,science and engineering,finance and economics,normal,language and sports.In terms of the construction of teaching staff,teachers with doctoral degrees accounted for 73.87%,teachers with senior professional titles accounted for 40.42%,and teachers aged 31 to50 accounted for84.04%.In termsofthe construction of curriculum system,there were atotalof103 main courses,among which 36 courses had a frequency of≥2.There were 90 core courses,among which 38 courses had a frequency of≥2.Practical courses mainly focused on military training,social practice,graduation internship,graduation thesis(design),etc.In terms of textbook construction,People's Medical Publishing House and China Press of Chinese Medicine had initiated and published some textbooks for the undergraduate majorof Health Service and Management.In terms of talentcultivation,a total of 51,602 students were recruited by 163 institutions,and 16,259 students have graduated.In terms of professional identity,the existing studies have obtained three types of results for different research subjects,which were not very ideal,above average,and at an average level.Conclusion The undergraduate program of Health Services and Management has developed rapidly.Due to the different types of institutions and their respective characteristics,the program has a broad professional connotation.Currently,it still faces the practical challenges of ambiguous disciplinary boundaries,mismatched supply and demand structure,unbalanced curriculum system,weak practical teaching,and confusion in career development.Therefore,it is necessary to reconstruct the talent cultivation model based on new liberal arts,guided by market demands,supported by core disciplines,aimed at enhancing capabilities,and with career development as the goal,which can prevent the risk of mismatch between talent cultivation and social demands,and improve the quality of talent cultivation.
作者
司建平
王先菊
郭清
王大辉
陈雅婷
Si Jianping(School of Management,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou,P.R.China)
出处
《中国卫生事业管理》
北大核心
2025年第11期1271-1274,共4页
Chinese Health Service Management
基金
全国中医药高等教育“十四五”规划教育科研课题“中医药院校健康服务与管理专业学生专业认同研究”(YB-23-17)
河南省教育科学规划重点课题“新文科背景下健康服务与管理本科专业人才培养质量评价研究”(2024JKZD15)
河南省教育科学规划一般课题“新文科背景下健康服务与管理专业课程体系建设研究”(2023YB0124)。
关键词
新文科
健康服务与管理
人才培养
重构
new liberal arts
Health Service and Management
talent training
reconstruction
