摘要
针对GCr15轴承钢钢锭及其成材后的的宏观偏析问题,本文创新性地基于Deform轧制模拟的点追踪功能,通过轧材实测偏析点位置反向追踪钢锭初始位置,实现了ProCAST软件凝固模拟结果与轧后试验数据的直接对比验证,两者在冒口/水口端的碳偏析分布高度吻合。基于此,通过ProCAST凝固模拟软件进一步系统探究了冒口设计参数(绝热板厚度、浇注高度及隔热性能)对最终钢锭宏观偏析结果的影响规律。研究表明,增加绝热板厚度可显著改善偏析,厚度从42.5 mm增至62.5 mm时,冒口补缩效率提升23%,碳偏析指数由2.75降低至1.82,降低了34%。采用低导热系数(0.16 W/(m·K))空心漂珠绝热板有利于进一步抑制冒口线附近的正偏析,但效果有限。增加浇注高度加剧了顶部偏析缺陷,高度由310 mm升至350 mm时,冒口过渡区最大偏析指数由2.18增加至2.67,升高了22.5%,这是由钢锭凝固顺序和凝固时间的延长导致的。此外,偏析遗传性的研究表明,钢锭凝固过程形成的宏观偏析难以在后续加工中消除。该研究成果为优化大型钢锭冒口设计、抑制偏析遗传效应提供了理论依据。
To address the issue of macroscopic segregation in GCr15 bearing steel ingots and their corresponding finished products,this study innovatively employs the point tracking function of the Deform rolling simulation software.By reverse-tracking the initial position of the ingot based on the measured segregation points in the rolled material,a direct comparison and validation between the solidification simulation results obtained using ProCAST and the post-rolling experimental data are achieved.The carbon segregation distributions at the riser/spout end exhibit a high degree of consistency.Based on this,a systematic investigation was conducted using ProCAST solidification simulation software to further explore the influence of riser design parameters(including adiabatic plate thickness,pouring height,and thermal insulation performance)on the final macrosegregation results of the steel ingot.The findings indicate that increasing the insulation board thickness significantly improves segregation behavior.Specifically,when the thickness is increased from 42.5 mm to 62.5 mm,the feeding efficiency of the riser increases by 23%,while the carbon segregation index decreases from 2.75 to 1.82,representing a reduction of 34%.The application of hollow float bead insulation boards with low thermal conductivity(0.16 W/(m·K))contributes to mitigating positive segregation near the riser line,although the effect remains relatively limited.Conversely,increasing the pouring height exacerbates top segregation defects.When the pouring height increases from 310 mm to 350 mm,the maximum segregation index in the riser transition zone rises from 2.18 to 2.67,an increase of 22.5%,primarily due to prolonged solidification sequence and solidification time.Additionally,research on the hereditary characteristics of segregation reveals that macroscopic segregation formed during the solidification of steel ingots is difficult to eliminate through subsequent processing stages.These findings provide a theoretical foundation for optimizing riser design in large steel ingots and for mitigating the hereditary effects of segregation.
作者
付建义
刘钦
肖佳
关锐
艾新港
李胜利
FU Jianyi;LIU Qin;XIAO Jia;GUAN Rui;AI Xingang;LI Shengli(School of Materials and Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Anshan 114051,Liaoning,China;Dongbei Special Steel Group Co.,Ltd.,Dalian 116300,Liaoning,China)
出处
《中国冶金》
北大核心
2025年第11期90-100,共11页
China Metallurgy
基金
辽宁省创新联合体重大专项资助项目(2023JH1/11200012)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52304352)
辽宁省高校基本科研业务费资助项目(LJ202410146038,LJ232410146036,LJ222410146022)。
关键词
GCR15轴承钢
宏观偏析
冒口设计
数值模拟
偏析遗传性
GCr15 bearing steel
macrosegregation
riser design
numerical simulation
segregation heritability
