摘要
目前,悬浮沉积物群落组成和功能响应的认知仍存在不足,本研究以太湖梅梁湾近岸(L20)、中岸(L40)、远岸(L100)悬浮沉积物为研究对象,通过室内模拟水-悬浮沉积物-沉积物体系,利用高通量测序和功能预测分析等方法,探究不同离岸距离沉积物形成的悬浮沉积物中,微生物群落的结构、组成和功能特征。结果表明,随离岸距离不同,湖泊悬浮沉积物中微生物群落结构和功能也让不同,沉积物重金属和营养盐污染水平是影响悬浮沉积物微生物群落特征的重要因素。随着离岸距离的增加,沉积物重金属和营养盐污染程度减弱,微生物群落α多样性呈现先增加后降低的变化规律,微生物群落优势属类型和占比发生较明显的改变,群落结构更加稳定。另外,L20、L40和L100组悬浮沉积物微生物群落功能存在明显差异,L20组微生物群落的硫循环过程较为活跃,L40组中微生物脱氮功能更为显著,L100组中脱氮能力相对较弱。该研究揭示了不同离岸距离悬浮沉积物微生物群落结构、组成和功能的差异,阐明了沉积物污染程度对悬浮沉积物微生物群落特征变化的重要影响,对于深入理解湖泊生态系统的物质循环、能量流动以及生态平衡具有重要的科学意义,可为湖泊生态保护和可持续发展提供关键的理论依据。
Current understanding of the composition and functional responses of suspended sediment microbial communities remains limited.This study investigated suspended sediments from nearshore(L20),midshore(L40),and offshore(L100)areas of Meiliang Bay in Lake Taihu.Through laboratory simulations of watersuspended sediment-sediment systems,combined with high-throughput sequencing and functional prediction analyses,we examined the structural,compositional,and functional characteristics of microbial communities in suspended sediments formed at different offshore distances.The results revealed that microbial community structure and function in lake suspended sediments varied significantly with offshore distance,with sediment heavy metal and nutrient pollution levels being key factors influencing these microbial characteristics.As the offshore distance increased,the contamination levels of heavy metals and nutrients gradually decreased,while microbialα-diversity followed a pattern of initial increase followed by decrease.The dominant microbial genera and their relative abundances underwent notable shifts,leading to more stable community structures.Furthermore,significant functional differences were observed among the L20,L40,and L100 groups:sulfur cycling processes were more active in L20 communities,denitrification functions were more pronounced in L40,while L100 exhibited relatively weaker nitrogen removal capacity.This study elucidates the variations in microbial community structure,composition,and function across suspended sediments at different offshore distances,and demonstrates the significant influence of sediment pollution levels on these microbial characteristics.The findings provide crucial scientific insights for understanding material cycling,energy flow,and ecological balance in lake ecosystems,offering important theoretical foundations for ecological conservation and sustainable management of lakes.
作者
赵慧琳
刘松琪
严欣睿
李大鹏
ZHAO Huilin;LIU Songqi;YAN Xinrui;LI Dapeng(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215000,China)
出处
《环境工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第10期2519-2528,共10页
Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52200232,52370178)。
关键词
悬浮沉积物
微生物群落和功能
生源要素循环
高通量测序
FAPROTAX预测
suspended sediments
microbial community structure and function
biogenic element cycling
high-throughput sequencing
FAPROTAX prediction
