摘要
青藏高原特有物种丰富,是关键的高原物种基因库。作为中国乃至亚洲重要的生态安全屏障,该地区保存了大量适应极端环境的特有遗传资源,这些资源对全球种质资源储备与生物多样性保护具有不可替代的战略价值。垫状点地梅(Androsace tapete)是青藏高原的典型特有物种和垫状植物代表,广泛分布于青藏高原的高寒草甸和高寒荒漠生态系统,具有独特的生存策略和生态适应性。本文系统梳理了垫状点地梅的形态结构与分布特征、遗传多样性与生态适应性、对土壤环境的适应性以及利用与开发等方面的研究进展,并结合高原生态系统保护与修复的重大需求,对未来研究方向提出了相关建议,重点突破垫状点地梅对土壤形成、养分循环、微气候调节、微生物互作机制与功能以及分子适应机制为青藏高原生态系统保护与可持续发展提供有力的理论依据。
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is rich in endemic species and serves as a critical gene pool for alpine species.As an important ecological security barrier for China and even Asia,this region preserves a vast number of unique genetic resources adapted to extreme environments.These resources hold irreplaceable strategic value for global germplasm conservation and biodiversity protection.Androsace tapete,a typical endemic species and representative cushion plant of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,is widely distributed in alpine meadows and desert ecosystems of the region,exhibiting unique survival strategies and ecological adaptability.This article systematically reviews the research progress on the morphological structure and distribution characteristics,genetic diversity and ecological adaptability,soil environment adaptation,as well as the utilization and development of Androsace tapete.In response to the critical needs of ecosystem conservation and restoration on the plateau,recommendations for future research directions are proposed,with a focus on breakthroughs in understanding the mechanisms and functions of Androsace tapete in soil formation,nutrient cycling,microclimate regulation,microbial interactions,and molecular adaptation.These efforts aim to provide a solid theoretical foundation for the protection and sustainable development of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ecosystem.
作者
王芳
胡晓晴
马源
马玉寿
赵新全
刘兴菊
王晓丽
WANG Fang;HU Xiaoqing;MA Yuan;MA Yushou;ZHAO Xinquan;LIU Xingju;WANG Xiaoli(The Provincial and Ministerial Co-constructed State Key Laboratory of Sanjiangyuan Ecology and Plateau Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Alpine Grassland Ecology of the Ministry of Education in the Sanjiangyuan Region,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Academy of Animal and Veterinary Science,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)
出处
《青海畜牧兽医杂志》
2025年第6期14-20,共7页
Chinese Qinghai Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences
基金
青海省帅才科学家负责制项目(2024-SF-101)。
关键词
垫状点地梅
青藏高原
生态适应机制
形态结构
Androsace tapete
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Ecological adaptation mechanism
Morphological structure
