摘要
矿产资源是国家经济安全的重要保障,在大国博弈中发挥着重要作用。随着国际政治经济格局的深刻演变,我国亟待建立完善的矿产资源战略储备制度。文章深入剖析了美国、日本及其他代表性国家矿产资源战略储备发展历程与现行制度,并全面梳理了我国矿产资源储备制度的发展及趋势,立足于我国矿产资源储备现状,探索优化我国矿产资源战略储备体系。研究发现,美国政府具备完善的矿产地与矿产品战略储备制度,并建立了面向全球的矿产资源供应保障体系;日本政府构建了稀有金属战略储备抛售制度,实现了矿产资源储备的动态管控。相比之下,我国现行制度要进一步简政放权,加速推进矿业权流转市场化,使社会资本的积极性得到更好发挥,提升资源利用效率;同时应积极拓展国际合作,实现资源全球优化配置,以适应全球资源环境变化,保障我国资源安全与可持续利用。鉴于此,文章结合我国资源国情与国外矿产资源战略储备经验,从矿产资源战略储备的运营机制及保障制度等方面提出了相应的建议。
Mineral resources are an important guarantee for national economic security and play an important role in major power dynamics.With the profound evolution of international political and economic pattern,it is urgent for China to establish a complete strategic reserve system of mineral resources.This paper deeply analyzes the development process and current system of strategic reserves of mineral resources in the United States(US),Japan and other representative countries,and comprehensively combs the development and trend of China's mineral resource reserve system.Based on the current status of China's mineral resource reserves,it explores and optimizes China's mineral resource strategic reserve system.The research reveals that the US government has a comprehensive system for strategic reserves of mineral deposits and mineral products,supported by a global mineral resource supply security network.The Japanese government has implemented a strategic reserve system for rare metals,facilitating dynamic management of its mineral resource reserves.In contrast,China's current system requires further decentralization,accelerated marketization of mining rights transfers,and enhanced engagement of private capital to improve resource utilization efficiency.Additionally,expanding international cooperation to achieve global resource optimal allocation is essential for adapting to global resource and environmental changes,ensuring China's resource security and sustainable use.Accordingly,this paper offers recommendations for China's strategic mineral resource reserve system,drawing from both China's resource realities and international experiences in areas such as operational mechanisms and security frameworks.
作者
左腾云
夏昆
张清
何义朋
张志航
刘峰
孙涵
查知韵
苑子義
ZUO Tengyun;XIA Kun;ZHANG Qing;HE Yipeng;ZHANG Zhihang;LIU Feng;SUN Han;ZHA Zhiyun;YUAN Ziyi(Jiangxi Provincial Natural Resources Rights and Reserves Protection Center,Nanchang 330025,China;China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan Hubei 430078,China)
出处
《中国国土资源经济》
2025年第12期13-19,26,共8页
Natural Resource Economics of China
基金
江西自然资源权益与储备中心项目“江西省本级矿产资源储备制度与机制研究”(QY20220082)。
关键词
矿产资源
战略储备
储备制度
国外
中国
mineral resources
strategic reserves
reserve system
foreign countries
China
