摘要
野生动物非法贸易严重危害珍稀物种安全,是以生态为中心的绿色犯罪学的重要研究议题,国内相关研究亟待深化。该文以滇桂地区(云南省与广西壮族自治区)为研究区域,基于2013—2023年中国裁判文书网公开案件数据,综合运用数理统计、空间分析及社会网络分析方法,探究了野生动物非法贸易的多维特征、时空格局与分销网络结构。结果发现:①涉案物种以兽类、鸟类和爬行动物为主,象、猕猴、龟类等为重点目标,犯罪主体多为41~50岁、低学历、务农的男性;②犯罪数量在时间上呈“前期增长,后期骤降”态势,2019年为峰值年,2020年后因疫情管控显著下降,月际上1月和7月为高发期,春季尤为集中;③空间上犯罪活动高度集聚于边境地区与省会城市,形成双核心格局,并呈现显著空间集聚性;④分销网络以省内为主,跨省及国际路径依托边境节点与越南、缅甸构建跨境走私通道,终端流向东南沿海(广东、福建),不同犯罪组织形式(有组织、一般共同、无组织)在网络结构、节点功能与路径特征上呈现显著差异。研究建议:通过加强边境执法、关键节点监控、大数据治理与社区参与,综合打防治理野生动物非法贸易。
The illegal wildlife trade poses a severe threat to the survival of endangered species and is a critical area of research in ecologically-centered green criminology.Domestic studies on this issue,however,remain underdeveloped.Focusing on the Yunnan-Guangxi region,this study systematically analyzes the multidimensional characteristics,spatiotemporal patterns,and distribution network structures of illegal wildlife trade using public case data from China Judgements Online from 2013 to 2023.The study employs a combination of mathematical statistics,spatial analysis,and social network analysis methods.The results show that:①the crimes primarily involved mammals,birds,and reptiles,with elephants,rhesus monkeys,and tortoises as typical species;the main perpetrators were predominantly males aged 41~50,with low educational levels,mainly engaged in agricultural work.②The number of offenses initially increased,peaking in 2019,and declined sharply after 2020 due to COVID-19 containment measures.Monthly analysis reveals that January and July were high-incidence periods,with a peak occurring in spring.③Spatially,criminal activities were concentrated in border regions and provincial capitals,forming a dual-core pattern with significant clustering.④Distribution networks are mainly provincial,while cross-provincial and international routes rely on border nodes to establish smuggling corridors with Vietnam and Myanmar,ultimately converging on the southeastern coast(Guangdong and Fujian).Different forms of criminal organizations,including organized,general,and unorganized groups,exhibit notable differences in distribution network structure,node functions,and trafficking routes.The study recommends combating illegal wildlife trade through strengthening border enforcement,monitoring key nodes,big data-driven management,and community participation.
作者
李钢
李佳
牛晓璇
金安楠
张小文
LI Gang;LI Jia;NIU Xiaoxuan;JIN Annan;ZHANG Xiaowen(College of Urban and Environmental Science,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China)
出处
《西北大学学报(自然科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第6期1393-1409,共17页
Journal of Northwest University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国际野生生物保护学会(Wildlife Conservation Society)研究课题(24-31、25-55)。
