摘要
目的分析突发公卫事件背景下承德地区高校学生无偿献血意愿现况及影响因素。方法于2023年10~12月采用分层随机抽样法(按照高校区域分布、院校类别、本专科高校数量比)抽取河北石油职业技术大学、河北旅游职业学院、承德医学院3所高校1875名在读高校学生进行横断面调查。采用问卷调查学生的人口学特征及献血相关信息。根据对无偿献血态度问题分为愿意组、不愿意组。统计高校学生无偿献血意愿现况;对比不同献血意愿学生的人口学特征及献血相关信息;多因素logistic回归模型分析影响高校学生无偿献血意愿的原因。根据多因素结果建立无偿献血意的预测模型,并分析其拟合程度。结果1875名高校学生对无偿献血的态度中,愿意组871名,占比46.45%;不愿意组1004名,占比53.55%。愿意组自身有献血经历、献血原因为无私奉献、曾接受过别人的献血等占比高于不愿意组,担心采血过程传染疾病、怕影响身体健康、身体状况不允许等占比低于不愿意组(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,自身有献血经历、无私奉献、曾接受过别人的献血、献血福利吸引为献血者及其直系亲属优先用血、因奉献而自豪、献血知识宣传很到位、愿意带动献血宣传是高校学生愿意无偿献血的保护因素,而身体不健康、担心采血过程传染疾病、怕影响身体健康、身体状况不允许、献血不方便是其危险因素(P<0.05)。基于多因素结果建立高校学生无偿献血意愿预测模型拟合程度可行。结论突发公卫事件背景下承德地区高校学生不愿意无偿献血占比较高,其影响因素主要与有献血经历、个人价值观、对献血影响身体健康、献血宣传等有关,应针对高校学生加强无偿献血知识宣讲,以提高其献血意愿。
Objective To analyze the current situation and influencing factors of voluntary blood donation among college students in Chengde area under the background of sudden public health emergencies.Methods From October to December 2023,a cross-sectional survey was conducted using stratified random sampling method(based on the regional distribution of universities,types of colleges,and the ratio of undergraduate and vocational colleges)to select 1875 students from three universities:Hebei Petroleum Vocational and Technical University,Hebei Tourism Vocational College,and Chengde Medical College.A questionnaire survey was conducted on the demographic characteristics and blood donation related information of students.According to the attitude towards voluntary blood donation,it was divided into the willing group and the unwilling group.A statistical survey was performed on the current situation of college students’willingness to donate blood without compensation;the demographic characteristics and blood donation related information of students with different blood donation intentions were compared;a multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyse the reasons affecting college students’willingness to donate blood without compensation;a predictive model for voluntary blood donation intention was established based on multiple factor results and its fitting degree was analyzed.Results Out of 1875 college students,871(46.45%)were willing to donate blood for free,while 1004(53.55%)were unwilling.The proportion of willing groups with blood donation experience,selfless dedication as the reason for blood donation,and having received blood donation from others was higher than that of unwilling groups.The proportion of worried about infectious diseases during the blood collection process,fearing that it would affect physical health,and not allowing physical conditions was lower than that of unwilling groups(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that having blood donation experience,selfless dedication,having received blood donations from oth-ers,being attracted by blood donation benefits as a priority for blood donors and their immediate family members,being proud of their dedication,having good knowledge about blood donation,and being willing to promote blood donation were protective factors for college students who were willing to donate blood without compensation.However,being physically unhealthy,worrying about infectious diseases during the blood collection process,fearing that it would affect physical health,not allowing physical conditions,and inconvenient blood donation were risk factors(P<0.05).It was feasible to establish a predictive model for college students'willingness to donate blood without compensation based on multiple factor results.Conclusion Under the background of sudden public health emergencies,a relatively high proportion of college students in Chengde are unwilling to donate blood without compensation.The influencing factors are mainly related to their blood donation experience,personal values,the impact of blood donation on their physical health,and blood donation publicity.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the publicity of voluntary blood donation knowledge for college students to increase their willingness to donate blood.
作者
韩雪
丁雪飞
HAN Xue;DING Xuefei(Blood Collection Department,Chengde City Central Blood Station,Hebei 067000,China)
出处
《安徽医学》
2025年第12期1572-1578,共7页
Anhui Medical Journal
基金
河北省承德市科技计划项目(编号:202303A009)。
关键词
公共卫生事件
无偿献血
高校学生
意愿
影响因素
Public health events
Voluntary blood donation
College students
Desire
Influencing factor
