摘要
随着点源污染治理成效显现,农业面源污染已成为中国水环境质量持续改善的关键约束。系统梳理了美国农业面源污染监测体系,总结提炼了其核心经验。美国通过跨部门协同机制、多层级的监测网络、完善的监测方法体系,构建了数据共享平台,形成了从监测到应用的闭环管理模式,有效支撑了农业面源污染治理。对比分析表明,当前中国农业面源污染监测体系存在数据分散、网络覆盖不全、方法滞后等问题。建议构建跨部门数据共享平台,优化国家地表水监测网络,优化监测方法。
With the effectiveness of point pollution control becoming apparent,agricultural non-point pollution has emerged as a critical constraint to the continuous improvement of water quality in China.This study systematically reviewed the US agricultural non-point pollution monitoring system and summarized its key experiences.The US had established an interdepartmental cooperation mechanism,built a multi-level composite monitoring network,and improved monitoring methods.It had established data sharing platforms,thereby it had formed a closed-loop management mode from monitoring to application,which had effectively supported agricultural non-point pollution management.The comparative analysis revealed that prominent problems in China were fragmented data,incomplete network coverage,and outdated methods.It was recommended to establish an interdepartmental data sharing platform,optimize the national surface water monitoring network,and optimize monitoring methods.
作者
王丽
王萌
耿润哲
WANG Li;WANG Meng;GENG Runzhe(Policy Research Center for Environment and Economy,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100029)
出处
《环境污染与防治》
北大核心
2025年第12期145-151,I0008,共8页
Environmental Pollution & Control
基金
生态环境部农村与农业环境保护监督管理项目(No.22110402001001)
生态环境部生态环境遥感监测评估与应用项目(No.22111101002001)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.42077347)。
关键词
农业面源污染
监测体系
监测网络
监测方法
agricultural non-point pollution
monitoring system
monitoring network
monitoring methods
